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Updates & Corrections - August 2011
Posted August 23, 2011
The Updates and Corrections are grouped into four sections. Within each section, items are listed in the order in which they are encountered in the Clements Checklist 6.6 spreadsheet, although we also continue to reference by page number the relevant entry in the last published edition of the Clements Checklist (sixth edition, 2007).
The four sections are
1. Species -- gains and losses
2. Families – gains, losses, and changes to family composition or nomenclature
3. Standard Updates and Corrections -- all other changes, listed in sequence as they occur in the spreadsheet
4. Groups – a list of new groups
SPECIES
SPECIES GAINS (splits and newly discovered species)
Page 46, Common Buzzard Buteo buteo
We follow Porter and Kirwan (2010) in elevating Buteo buteo bannermani, formerly classified as a subspecies of Common Buzzard, to species rank as Cape Verde Buzzard Buteo bannermani.
Reference:
Porter, R F., and G.M. Kirwan. 2010. Studies of Socotran birds VI. The taxonomic status of the Socotra Buzzard. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 130: 116-131.
Page (addition), Socotra Buzzard Buteo socotraensis
It has been known since the late 19th century that there was a breeding population of buzzards (Buteo) on Socotra Island, but this population was poorly known. It resembles other Old World buzzards, in morphology, plumage, and genetics, but differs from all other Old World buzzards in many features, and so is described as a new species, Socotra Buzzard Buteo socotraensis, with range "Socotra I. (off ne Somalia)." Position Socotra Buzzard immediately preceding Long-legged Buzzard (Buteo rufinus).
Reference:
Porter, R.F., and G.M. Kirwan. 2010. Studies of Socotran birds VI. The taxonomic status of the Socotra Buzzard. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 130: 116-131.
Page (addition), Pinsker's Hawk-Eagle Nisaetus pinskeri
Described as a subspecies of Philippine Hawk-Eagle (Nisaetus philippensis pinskeri), but inadvertently omitted from earlier editions of Clements Checklist; genetic data now shows that pinskeri is a distinct species, and is added as Pinsker's Hawk-Eagle (Nisaetus pinskeri).
Range: Negros, Samar, Mindanao, Bohol, Biliran, Basilan, and Siquijor (Philippine Islands)
References:
Preleuthner, M., and A. Gamauf. 1998. A possible new subspecies of the Philippine Hawk-Eagle (Spizaëtus philippensis) and its future prospects. Journal of Raptor Research 32: 126-135.
Gamauf, A., J.O. Gjershaug, N. Røv, K. Kvaløy, and E. Haring. 2005. Species or subspecies? The dilemma of taxonomic ranking of some South-east Asian hawk-eagles (genus Spizaetus). Bird Conservation International 15: 99-117.
Haring, E., K. Kvaløy, J.-O. Gjershaug, N. Røv, and A. Gamauf. 2007. Convergent evolution and paraphyly of the hawk-eagles of the genus Spizaetus (Aves, Accipitridae) - phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial markers. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 45: 353-365.
Page 55, Speckled Chachalaca Ortalis guttata
Subspecies colombiana is elevated to species rank as Colombian Chachalaca Ortalis columbiana.
References:
SACC proposal 439
Page (addition), Tsingy Wood-Rail Canirallus beankaensis
Goodman et al. (2011) describe this new species of wood-rail from the tsingy formations of central west Madagascr; insert it immediately following the Madagascar Wood-Rail Canirallus kioloides. The new species was described as Mentrocrex beankaensis; the Clements Checklist long has classified the closely-related Malagascar Wood-Rail in the genus Canirallus, however, so provisionally we place the new species in the same genus.
Reference:
Goodman, S.M., M.J. Raherilalao, and N.L. Block. 2011. Patterns of morphological and genetic variation in the Mentocrex kioloides complex (Aves: Gruiformes: Rallidae) from Madagascar, with the description of a new species. Zootaxa number 2776: 49–60.
Page 81, Water Rail Rallus aquaticus
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating Rallus aquaticus indicus, formerly classified as a subspecies of Water Rail, to species rank as Brown-cheeked Rail Rallus indicus.
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 85, Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus
The Common Moorhen is split into two species, based on recent evidence from vocalizations and genetics, as summarized in a proposal ratified by SACC and by NACC: an Old World species (Gallinula chloropus) and a New World species (Gallinula galeata). The English names proposed by NACC – Common Moorhen and Common Gallinule, respectively – are an odd pair. We suggest that these species be called Eurasian Moorhen (Gallinula chloropus) and Common Gallinule (Gallinula galeata), although other, and perhaps better, options are available.
References:
NACC proposal 2010-A-10
Page 90, Eurasian Thick-knee Burhinus oedicnemus
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating Burhinus oedicnemus indicus, formerly classified as a subspecies of Eurasian Thick-knee, to species rank as Indian Thick-knee Burhinus indicus.
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 94, Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus
The Snowy Plover is split into two species, an Old World species and a New World species, based on recent evidence from genetics, morphology, plumage, and vocalizations; the evidence supporting the split is summarized in a proposal ratified by NACC, and pending before SACC. The English name of the Old World species is changed to Kentish Plover (Charadrius alexandrinus), and the scientific name of the New World species is changed to Snowy Plover (Charadrius nivosus).
References:
NACC proposal 2010-A-1
Page 91, Cream-colored Courser Cursorius cursor
We elevate subspecies somalensis and littoralis to species rank as Somali Courser Cursorius somalensis.
Reference:
Pearson, D.J., and J.S. Ash. 1996. The taxonomic position of the Somali courser Cursorius (cursor) somalensis. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 116: 225-229.
Page 162, Oriental Bay-Owl Phodilus badius
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating subspecies ripleyi and assimilis, formerly classified as subspecies of Oriental Bay-Owl Phodilus badius, to species rank as Sri Lanka Bay-Owl Phodilus assimilis.
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 169, Tawny Owl Strix aluco
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating subspecies nivicola, formerly classified as asubspecies of Tawny Owl Strix aluco, to species rank as Himalayan Owl Strix nivicola.
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 191, Fork-tailed Swift Apus pacificus
A recent review of geographic variation in the Fork-tailed Swift results in revisions to the ranges of several subspecies, a change in the scientific name of one subspecies, the elevation of three subspecies to species rank, and a change in the English name for Apus pacificus:
The range of subspecies Apus pacificus pacificus is revised from "Siberia to Kamchatka, n China and s Japan; winters to Australia" to "Siberia to Kamchatka, n China and n Japan; winters Indonesia, Melanesia, Australia, Tasmania".
The name of subspecies Apus pacificus kanoi is changed to Apus pacificus kurodae, and the range of this subspecies is revised from "Southeast Tibet to e China and Taiwan; winters to Indonesia" to "e China, s Japan and Taiwan; winters in Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia."
Apus salimali had been overlooked as a synonym of Apus pacificus kanoi, but instead deserves recognition as a full species, Salim Ali's Swift (Apus salimali) and a range of "e Tibetan plateau, w Sichuan; winter range unknown."
Formerly classified as a subspecies of Fork-tailed Swift, leuconyx is elevated to species rank, as Blyth's Swift (Apus leuconyx).
Formerly classified as a subspecies of Fork-tailed Swift, cooki is elevated to species rank, as Cook's Swift (Apus cooki).
With several subspecies removed from Fork-tailed Swift, the English name for the species changes to Pacific Swift (Apus pacificus).
Reference:
Leader, P.J. 2011. Taxonomy of the Pacific Swift Apus pacificus Latham, 1802 complex. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 131: 81-93.
Page 229, Red-billed Hornbill Tockus erythrorhynchus
Each of the five subspecies of Red-billed Hornbill – including a recently described subspecies that was not included in previous editions of Clements Checklist – is elevated to species rank, as follows:
Western Red-billed Hornbill Tockus kempi
Northern Red-billed Hornbill Tockus erythrorhynchus
Tanzanian Red-billed Hornbill Tockus ruahae
The Tanzanian Red-billed Hornbill is new to Clements Checklist; the range is "central and southern Tanzania."
Southern Red-billed Hornbill Tockus rufirostris
Damara Red-billed Hornbill Tockus damarensis
References:
Kemp, A.C. and W. Delport. 2002. Comments on the status of subspecies in the red-billed hornbill (Tockus erythrorhynchus) complex (Aves: Bucerotidae), with the description of a new taxon endemic to Tanzania. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 39: 1–8.
Delport, W., A.C. Kemp, and J.W.H. Ferguson. 2004. Structure of an African Red-billed Hornbill (Tockus erythrorhynchus rufirostris and T. e. damarensis) hybrid zone as revealed by morphology, behavior, and breeding biology. Auk 121: 565-586.
Page (addition), White-chested Tinkerbird Pogoniulus makawai
The status of this enigmatic species, known from a single specimen collected in 1964, has been controversial since it first was described. This controversy is reflected in the convoluted history of the species in the Clements Checklist: it was omitted from editions 1, 4, and 6, but was included in editions 2, 3, and 5! A recent review of the characters of the sole specimen made a forceful case for recognition of White-chested Tinkerbird, so we are happy to reinstate it in Clements Checklist (with range of "Known only from a single specimen from Mayau, nw Zambia").
Reference:
Collar, N.J., and L.D.C. Fishpool. 2006. What is Pogoniulus makawai? Bulletin of the African Bird Club 13: 18-27.
Page 260, Greater Flameback Chrysocolaptes lucidus
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating Chrysocolaptes lucidus stricklandi to species rank as Crimson-backed Flameback (Chrysocolaptes stricklandi).
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page (addition), Rock Tapaculo Scytalopus petrophilus
Whitney et al. (2010) described a new species, Rock Tapaculo Scytalopus petrophilus; insert the new species immediately following Mouse-colored Tapaculo Scytalopus speluncae. The range of Rock Tapaculo is "central and southern Minas Gerais, Brazil".
References:
Whitney, B.M., M.F. Vasconcelos, L.F. Silveira, and J.F. Pacheco. 2010. Scytalopus petrophilus (Rock Tapaculo): a new species from Minas Gerais, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia 18: 73-88.
SACC proposal 463
Page (addition), Short-tailed Batis Batis mixta
Fjeldså et al. (2006) review the geographic variation in the Short-tailed Batis (Batis mixta). The southern populations of Short-tailed Batis (within the range of Batis mixta mixta) are described as a new species, Dark Batis (Batis crypta). Insert the Dark Batis immediately following the Short-tailed Batis; the range of this species is "S Tanzania (north to the Ukaguru Mountains) s to n Malawi".
Other changes resulting from this review include the merger of Batis mixta ultima into Batis mixta mixta; the range of nominate mixta changes from "Highlands of s Kenya to n Tanzania and n Malawi" to "SE Kenya, n Tanzania south to the Usambara, Nguu and Nguru Mountains."
Finally, subspecies reichenowi is transferred from Cape Batis (Batis capensis) to Short-tailed Batis.
Reference:
Fjeldså, J., R.C K. Bowie, and J. Kiure. 2006. The forest batis, Batis mixta, is two species: description of a new, narrowly distributed Batis species in the Eastern Arc biodiversity hotspot. Journal of Ornithology 147:578–590.
Page 576, Large Woodshrike Tephrodornis gularis
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating Tephrodornis gularis sylvicola to species rank as Malabar Woodshrike (Tephrodornis sylvicola).
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 576, Common Woodshrike Tephrodornis pondicerianus
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating Tephrodornis pondicerianus affinis to species rank as Sri Lanka Woodshrike (Tephrodornis affinis).
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 369, Bar-bellied Cuckoo-shrike Coracina striata
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating Coracina striata dobsoni to species rank as Andaman Cuckoo-shrike (Coracina dobsoni).
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Pages 505-506, White-browed Shrike-Babbler Pteruthius flaviscapis
Most subspecies of White-browned Shrike-Babbler are separated as distinct species, as is detailed below. The English name of the Pteruthius flaviscapis, which as a result becomes monotypic, is changed to Pied Shrike-babbler (Pteruthius flaviscapis).
Subspecies Pteruthius flaviscapis ripleyi previously was considered to be a synonym of Pteruthius flaviscapis validirostris, and so did not appear in earlier editions of Clements Checklist. Now it is elevated to species rank, as Himalayan Shrike-Babbler (Pteruthius ripleyi); the range is "Pakistan east to western Nepal".
Formerly classified as subspecies of White-browed Shrike-Babbler, the aeralatus group (aeralatus, validirostris, ricketti, schauenseei, cameranoi, and robinsoni) are elevated to species rank as Blyth's Shrike-Babbler (Pteruthius aeralatus). Subspecies lingshuiensis is merged with merged with ricketti; consequently, revise the range of ricketti from "NE Myanmar to s China, n Thailand and n Indochina" to "NE Myanmar to s China (including Hainan), n Thailand and n Vietnam."
Subspecies Pteruthius flaviscapis annamensis is elevated to species rank as Dalat Shrike-babbler (Pteruthius annamensis).
References:
Biswas, B. 1960. A new name for the Himalayan Red-winged Babbler, Pteruthius. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 80: 106. [name for ripleyi]
Reddy, S. 2008. Systematics and biogeography of the shrike-babblers (Pteruthius): Species limits, molecular phylogenetics, and diversification patterns across southern Asia. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 47: 54-72.
Rheindt, F.E., and J.A. Eaton. 2009. Species limits in Pteruthius (Aves: Corvida) shrike-babblers: a comparison between the Biological and Phylogenetic Species Concepts. Zootaxa number 2301: 29–54.
Page 506, Chestnut-fronted Shrike-Babbler Pteruthius aenobarbus
The Chestnut-fronted Shrike-Babbler is split into two species. Pteruthius aenobarbus becomes monotypic, and the English name is changed to Trilling Shrike-Babbler.
Subspecies yaoshanensis and indochinensis are merged into intermedius; the range of intermedius is revised from "E Myanmar to s Yunnan, nw Thailand, Laos and nw Tonkin" to "E Myanmar to se China, nw Thailand, Laos and n Vietnam." The two subspecies intermedius and aenobarbulus are separated as a distinct species, Clicking Shrike-babbler (Pteruthius intermedius).
References:
Reddy, S. 2008. Systematics and biogeography of the shrike-babblers (Pteruthius): Species limits, molecular phylogenetics, and diversification patterns across southern Asia. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 47: 54-72.
Rheindt, F.E., and J.A. Eaton. 2009. Species limits in Pteruthius (Aves: Corvida) shrike-babblers: a comparison between the Biological and Phylogenetic Species Concepts. Zootaxa number 2301: 29–54.
Page 568, Eurasian Golden Oriole Oriolus oriolus
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating Oriolus oriolus kundoo to species rank as Indian Golden Oriole (Oriolus kundoo).
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 580, Greater Racket-tailed Drongo Dicrurus paradiseus
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating Dicrurus paradiseus lophorinus to species rank as Sri Lanka Drongo (Dicrurus lophorinus).
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 589, Mexican Jay Aphelocoma ultramarina
The Mexican Jay is split into two species, based on differences in appearance and genetics, as summarized in a proposal ratified by NACC. What previously had been identified in the Clements Checklist as the group Mexican Jay (Transvolcanic) Aphelocoma ultramarina ultramarina/colimae is elevated to species rank as Transvolcanic Jay Aphelocoma ultramarina, which is restricted to the highlands of southern Mexico. The second, more widespread species includes the remaining subspecies, and becomes known as Mexican Jay Aphelocoma wollweberi.
Reference:
NACC proposal 2010-B-12
Page 593, Eurasian Nutcracker Nucifraga caryocatactes
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating Nucifraga caryocatactes multipunctata to species rank as Kashmir Nutcracker (Nucifraga multipunctata).
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 358, Plain Martin Riparia paludicola
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating Riparia paludicola chinensis to species rank as Gray-throated Martin (Riparia chinensis).
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 362, Red-rumped Swallow Cecropis daurica
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating Cecropis daurica hyperythra to species rank as Sri Lanka Swallow (Cecropis hyperythra).
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 527, Black-lored Tit Parus xanthogenys
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating Parus xanthogenys aplonotus and Parus xanthogenys tranvancoreensis to species rank as Indian Tit (Parus aplonotus). Parus xanthogenys becomes monotypic, and retains the English name Black-lored Tit.
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 527, White-cheeked Nuthatch Sitta leucopsis
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating Sitta leucopsis przewalskii to species rank as Przevalski's Nuthatch (Sitta przewalskii).
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 381, Tiny Greenbul Phyllastrephus debilis
Subspecies albigula is elevated to species rank, as Usambara Greenbul (Phyllastrephus albigula).
Reference:
Fuchs, J., J. Fjeldså, and R.C.K. Bowie. 2011. Diversification across an altitudinal gradient in the Tiny Greenbul (Phyllastrephus debilis) from the Eastern Arc Mountains of Africa. BMC Evolutionary Biology 11: 117.
Page 376, Black-headed Bulbul Pycnonotus atriceps
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating Pycnonotus atriceps fuscoflavescens to species rank as Andaman Bulbul (Pycnonotus fuscoflavescens).
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 376, Black-crested Bulbul Pycnonotus melanicterus
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in splitting the Black-crested Bulbul into five species:
Pycnonotus melanicterus gularis, previously identified in Clements Checklist as the group Black-crested Bulbul (Flame-throated), becomes Flame-throated Bulbul (Pycnonotus gularis).
Pycnonotus melanicterus melanicterus, previously identified in Clements Checklist as the group Black-crested Bulbul (Black-capped), becomes Black-capped Bulbul (Pycnonotus melanicterus).
Subspecies flaviventris, vantynei, xanthops, negatus, johnsoni, auratus, elbeli, and caecilii are split from Pycnonotus melanicterus as Black-crested Bulbul (Pycnonotus flaviventris).
Pycnonotus melanicterus dispar, previously identified in Clements Checklist as the group Black-crested Bulbul (Ruby-throated), becomes Ruby-throated Bulbul (Pycnonotus dispar).
Pycnonotus melanicterus montis, previously identified in Clements Checklist as the group Black-crested Bulbul (Bornean), becomes Bornean Bulbul (Pycnonotus montis).
Page 378, Olive-winged Bulbul Pycnonotus plumosus
Subspecies cinereifrons is elevated to species rank as Ashy-fronted Bulbul (Pycnonotus cinereifrons).
Oliveros, C.H., and R.G. Moyle. 2010. Origin and diversification of Philippine bulbuls. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54: 822–832.
Page 382, Gray-cheeked Bulbul Alophoixus bres
Subspecies frater is elevated to species rank as Gray-throated Bulbul (Alophoixus frater).
Oliveros, C.H., and R.G. Moyle. 2010. Origin and diversification of Philippine bulbuls. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54: 822–832.
Page (addition), Moheli Bulbul Hypsipetes moheliensis
Originally moheliensis was described as a subspecies of Seychelles Bulbul Hypsipetes crassirostris. Most later authors treated moheliensis as a subspecies of Grand Comoro Bulbul (Hypsipetes parvirostris), but it was overlooked completely by earlier editions of Clements Checklist. Genetic evidence now indicates that it should be ranked as a full species, Moheli Bulbul Hypsipetes moheliensis.
References:
Benson, C.W. 1960. The birds of the Comoro Islands: results of the British Ornithologists' Union centenary expedition. Ibis 103b: 5-106
Warren, B.H., E. Bermingham, R.P. Prŷs-Jones, and C. Thebaud. 2005. Tracking island colonization history and phenotypic shifts in Indian Ocean bulbuls (Hypsipetes: Pycnonotidae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 85: 271–287.
Page 385, Black Bulbul Hypsipetes leucocephalus
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating Hypsipetes leucocephalus ganeesa to species rank as Square-tailed Bulbul (Hypsipetes ganeesa).
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 383, Philippine Bulbul Ixos philippinus (now Hypsipetes philippinus; see below)
Subspecies guimarasensis is elevated to species rank, as Visayan Bulbul (Hypsipetes guimarasensis).
Reference:
Oliveros, C.H., and R.G. Moyle. 2010. Origin and diversification of Philippine bulbuls. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54: 822–832.
Page 383, Philippine Bulbul Ixos philippinus (now Hypsipetes philippinus; see below)
Subspecies mindorensis is elevated to species rank, as Mindoro Bulbul (Hypsipetes mindorensis).
Reference:
Oliveros, C.H., and R.G. Moyle. 2010. Origin and diversification of Philippine bulbuls. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54: 822–832.
Page (addition), Alpine Leaf-Warbler Phylloscopus occisinensis
Martens el al. describe a new species, related to Tickell's Leaf-Warbler (Phylloscopus affinis), that we add as Alpine Leaf-Warbler (Phylloscopus occisinensis).
Range: breeds e Tibet-Qinghai plateau, China in Sichuan and Gansu; winter range undescribed
Reference:
Martens, J., Y-H. Sun, and M. Päckert. 2008. Intraspecific differentiation of Sino-Himalayan bush-dwelling Phylloscopus leaf warblers, with description of two new taxa (P. fuscatus, P. fuligiventer, P. affinis, P. armandii, P. subaffinis). Vertebrate Zoology 58: 233-265.
Pilgrim, J.D., T.P. Inskipp, and N.J. Collar. 2009. Species-level changes suggested for Asian birds, 2007-2008. BirdingAsia number 12: 18-35.
Page 438, Blyth's Leaf-Warbler Phylloscopus reguloides
Subspecies Phylloscopus reguloides claudiae is elevated to species rank as Claudia's Leaf-Warbler (Phylloscopus claudiae).
Subspecies Phylloscopus reguloides goodsoni and fokiensis are elevated to species rank as Hartert's Leaf-Warbler (Phylloscopus goodsoni).
References:
Olsson, U., P. Alström, P.G.P. Ericson, and P. Sundberg. 2005. Non-monophyletic taxa and cryptic species - evidence from a molecular phylogeny of leaf-warblers (Phylloscopus, Aves). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 36: 261–276.
Rheindt, F.E. 2006. Splits galore: the revolution in Asian leaf warbler systematics. BirdingASIA 5: 25-39.
Page 439, White-tailed Leaf-Warbler Phylloscopus davisoni
The ogilviegranti group of subspecies (disturbans, intensior, klossi, and ogilviegranti) is elevated to species rank as Kloss's Leaf-Warbler (Phylloscopus ogilviegranti). Phylloscopus davisoni becomes monotypic; to avoid confusion, it is advisable to change the English name of Phylloscopus davisoni to Davison's Leaf-Warbler.
References:
Olsson, U., P. Alström, P.G.P. Ericson, and P. Sundberg. 2005. Non-monophyletic taxa and cryptic species - evidence from a molecular phylogeny of leaf-warblers (Phylloscopus, Aves). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 36: 261–276.
Rheindt, F.E. 2006. Splits galore: the revolution in Asian leaf warbler systematics. BirdingASIA 5: 25-39.
Page 428, Russet Bush-Warbler Bradypterus seebohmi
The confusing taxonomy and nomenclature of this complex was clarified by Dickinson et al. (2000). As a result, the ranges are revised for several subspecies, several subspecies are elevated to species rank, and an additional species (mandelli) is added to the list:
The correct scientific name of the Russet Bush-Warbler, which is widespread on the Asian mainland, is Bradypterus mandelli. The range of the nominate subspecies is "ne India, Bhutan, n and w Myanmar, sc and s China, n Thailand, n Laos, and n Vietnam."
The range of subspecies Bradypterus mandelli melanorhynchus is restricted to "e China; winters to se China".
The range of subspecies Bradypterus mandelli idoneus is restricted to "Langbian Plateau (Vietnam.)"
Subspecies seebohmi is elevated to species rank, as Benguet Bush-Warbler (Bradypterus seebohmi).
Subspecies montis is elevated to species rank, as Javan Bush-Warbler (Bradypterus montis).
Subspecies timorensis is elevated to species rank, as Timor Bush-Warbler (Bradypterus timorensis).
Reference:
Dickinson, E.C., P C. Rasmussen, P.D. Round, and F.G. Rozendaal. 2000. Systematic notes on Asian birds. 1. A review of the russet bush-warbler Bradypterus seebohmi (Ogilvie-Grant, 1895). Zoologische Verhandelingen number 331: 11-64.
Page 419, Black-throated Prinia Prinia atrogularis
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating the superciliaris group (subspecies erythropleura, superciliaris, waterstradti, klossi, and dysancrita) to species rank as Hill Prinia (Prinia superciliaris).
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 550, Sao Tome White-eye Zosterops ficedulinus
Recent genetic evidence (phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequence data) reveals that each subspecies of Sao Tome White-eye is a separate species. Elevate subspecies feae to species rank as Sao Tome White-eye Zosterops feae; change the English name of Zosterops ficedulinus to Principe White-eye; and position Principe White-eye Zosterops ficedulinus immediately following Annobon White-eye Zosterops griseovirescens.
Reference:
Melo, M., B.H. Warren, and P.J. Jones. 2011. Rapid parallel evolution of aberrant traits in the diversification of the Gulf of Guinea white-eyes (Aves, Zosteropidae). Molecular Ecology. Published online 21 May 2011. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05099.x
Page 494, Buff-breasted Babbler Pellorneum tickelli
Subspecies Pellorneum tickelli buettikoferi is elevated to species rank, as Sumatran Babbler (Pellorneum buettikoferi), in view of its vocal, morphometric, and plumages differences.
Reference:
Wells, D.R., P. Andrew, and A.B. v. d. Berg. 2001. Systematic notes on Asian birds. 21. Babbler jungle: a re-evaluation of the 'pyrrogenys' group of Asian pellorneines (Timaliidae). Zoologische Verhandeligen 335: 235-252.
Page 459, Oriental Magpie-Robin Copsychus saularis
The Philippine populations of Oriental Magpie-Robin, subspecies mindanensis and deuteronymus, are removed from Oriental Magpie-Robin (Copsychus saularis) as a separate species, Philippine Magpie-Robin (Copsychus mindanensis). The subspecies deteronymus is merged with mindanensis, so the newly recognized species is monotypic.
Reference:
Sheldon, F.H., D.J. Lohman, H.C. Lim, F. Zou, S.M. Goodman, D.M. Prawiradilaga, K. Winker, T.M. Brailem, and R.G. Moyle. 2009. Phylogeography of the magpie-robin species complex (Aves: Turdidae: Copsychus) reveals a Philippine species, an interesting isolating barrier and unusual dispersal patterns in the Indian Ocean and Southeast Asia. Journal of Biogeography 36: 1070–1083.
Page 459, White-rumped Shama Copsychus malabaricus
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating Copsychus malabaricus albiventris to species rank as Andaman Shama (Copsychus albiventris).
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 459, Hill Blue-Flycatcher Cyornis banyumas
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating Cyornis banyumas magnirostris to species rank as Large Blue-Flycatcher (Cyornis magnirostris).
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 448, Brown-chested Jungle-Flycatcher Rhinomyias brunneatus
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating Rhinomyias brunneatus nicobaricus to species rank as Nicobar Jungle-Flycatcher. Both species also are transferred to the genus Cyornis (see below), so the scientific name for Nicobar Jungle-Flycatcher is Cyornis nicobaricus.
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 413, White-bellied Shortwing Brachypteryx major
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating Brachypteryx major albiventris to species rank. The new species retains the Engish name White-bellied Shortwing (Brachypteryx albiventris). The English name for Brachypteryx major becomes Nilgiri Shortwing.
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 466, White-headed Black-Chat Myrmecocichla arnotti
The taxon collaris previously was not previously recognized in Clements Checklist, but instead was considered to be a synonym of the nominate subspecies of White-headed Black-Chat (Myrmecocichla arnotti arnotti). A recent review indicates that collaris is a separate taxon, and should be elevated to species rank as Ruaha Chat (Myrmecocichla collaris), with range "Primarily w Tanzania; also extreme e Democratic Republic of the Congo, e Rwanda, Burundi, n Zambia; possibly also n Malawi." Revise the range of Myrmecocichla arnotti arnottii from from "SW Zaire to Namibia, Zambia, Tanzania, Malawi and n Transvaal" to "SW Zaire to Namibia, Zambia, seTanzania, Malawi and n Transvaal."
Reference:
Glen, R., R.C.K. Bowie, S. Stolberger, and G. Voelker. 2011. Geographically structured plumage variation among populations of White-headed Black Chat (Myrmecocichla arnotti) in Tanzania confirms the race collaris to be a valid taxon. Journal of Ornithology 152: 63–70.
Page 407-408, Olive Thrush Turdus olivaceus
The Olive Thrush "complex" is split into six species, and the sequence of these species is rearranged. As a result, the following five species are newly recognized:
Somali Thrush Turdus ludoviciae
Taita Thrush Turdus helleri
Abyssinian Thrush Turdus abyssinicus (includes subspecies oldeani, deckeni, abyssinicus, baraka, bambusicola, and nyikae)
Usambara Thrush Turdus roehli
Karoo Thrush Turdus smithi
References:
Bowie, R.C.K., P. Bloomer, P.A. Clancey, and T.M. Crowe. 2003. The Karoo Thrush (Turdus smithi Bonaparte 1850), a southern African endemic. Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology 74: 1–7.
Bowie, R.C.K., G. Voelker, J. Fjeldså, L. Lens, S.J. Hackett, and T.M. Crowe. 2005. Systematics of the olive thrush Turdus olivaceus species complex with reference to the taxonomic status of the endangered Taita thrush T. helleri. Journal of Avian Biology 36: 391-404.
Page 408, Olivaceous Thrush Turdus olivaceofuscus
Multiple lines of evidence (morphological, vocal, and genetic) strongly suggest that the two subspecies of Olivaceous Thrush each should be elevated to species rank. Each new species also is given a new English name, to reflect their status as single-island endemics:
Sao Tome Thrush Turdus olivaceofuscus
Principe Thrush Turdus xanthorhynchus
Finally, genetic evidence also indicates that the closest mainland relative of both species is the African Thrush Turdus pelios; therefore, Sao Tome Thrush and Principe Thrush are moved to a new position, immediately following African Thrush.
Reference:
Melo, M., R.C.K. Bowie, G. Voelker, M. Dallimer, N.J. Collar, and P.J. Jones. 2010. Multiple lines of evidence support the recognition of a very rare bird species: the Príncipe thrush. Journal of Zoology 282: 120–129.
Page 413, Eurasian Blackbird Turdus merula
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating Turdus merula maximus to species rank as Tibetan Blackbird (Turdus maximus), and in elevating the group Eurasian Blackbird (Nilgiri) Turdus merula [simillimus Group] to species rank as Indian Blackbird (Turdus simillimus); Indian Blackbird includes as subspecies simillimus, bourdilloni, nigropileus, spencei, and kinnisii.
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 599, Chestnut-tailed Starling Sturnia malabarica
The distinctive subspecies Sturnia malabarica blythii inadvertently was omitted for earlier editions of Clements Checklist. It now is added, with range "sw India." Following Rasmussen and Anderton, we elevate this subspecies to species rank as Malabar Starling (Sturnia blythii).
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 547, Plain Flowerpecker Dicaeum concolor
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating the minullum group of subspecies (minullum, olivaceum, uchidai, borneanum, and sollicitans) to species rank as Plain Flowerpecker (Dicaeum minullum). Dicaeum concolor becomes monotypic, and takes the new English name of Nilgiri Flowerpecker.
Subspecies Dicaeum concolor virescens also is elevated to species rank, as Andaman Flowerpecker (Dicaeum virescens).
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 547, Purple-throated Sunbird Leptocoma sperata
We follow Rasmussen and Anderton in elevating the brasiliana group of subspecies (brasiliana, emmae, mecynorhyncha, eumecis, axantha, and oenopa) to species rank as Van Hasselt's Sunbird (Leptocoma brasiliana).
Reference:
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 641, Yellow-throated Warbler Dendroica dominica
All species of Dendroica now are transferred to the genus Setophaga (see below). The Bahamas subspecies, flavescens, of Yellow-throated Warbler differs "morphologically, vocally, ecologically, and genetically" from other subspecies, and is elevated to species rank as Bahama Warbler Setophaga flavescens.
Reference:
NACC proposal 2010-B-8
Page 676, Red-capped Cardinal Paroaria gularis
Subspecies Paroaria gularis nigrogenis is distinctive morphologically and genetically, and overlaps with Paroaria gularis gularis locally in southwestern Venezuela. Therefore, it is elevated to species rank as Masked Cardinal (Paroaria nigrogenis). Revise the range of Masked Cardinal from "E Colombia and Venezuela; Trinidad" to "ne Colombia (south to n Meta and e Vichada), Venezuela (except far s), Trinidad." Revise the range of Paroaria gularis gularis from "E Colombia to Venezuela, the Guianas, Peru and Amaz. Brazil" to "se Colombia to s Venezuela, the Guianas, Peru and Amaz. Brazil."
Reference:
SACC proposal 469
Page 679, Stripe-headed Brush-Finch Arremon torquatus
Genetic, morphological, and vocal differences, together with local sympatry of some populations, makes it clear that the Stripe-headed Brush-Finch includes more than one species. In what SACC cautions is a provisional taxonomy, SACC recommends splitting the Stripe-headed Brush-Finch into no fewer than eight species. Each of these new species corresponds to a group previously identified in the Clements Checklist, although as noted below in some cases the English name is changed:
Costa Rican Brush-Finch Arremon costaricensis
Black-headed Brush-Finch Arremon atricapillus
which includes subspecies tacarcunae and atricapillus
Sierra Nevada Brush-Finch Arremon basilicus
which corresponds to the group Stripe-headed Brush-Finch (Colombian)
Phelps's Brush-Finch Arremon perijanus
which corresponds to the group Stripe-headed Brush-Finch (Phelp's) – note the correction in the spelling of "Phelps's"
Caracas Brush-Finch Arremon phaeopleurus
which corresponds to the group Stripe-headed Brush-Finch (Buffy-flanked)
Paria Brush-Finch Arremon phygas
which corresponds to the group Stripe-headed Brush-Finch (Venezuelan)
Gray-browed Brush-Finch Arremon assimilis
which includes as subspecies larensis, assimilis, nigrifrons, and poliophrys
White-browed Brush-Finch Arremon torquatus
which includes as subspecies torquatus, fimbriatus, and borelli
Reference:
SACC proposal 468
Page 629, Beautiful Rosefinch Carpodacus pulcherrimus
We follow Rasmussen (2005) and Rasmussen and Anderton (2005) in splitting the Beautiful Rosefinch Carpodacus pulcherrimus into two species. The davidianus group of subspecies (waltoni, argyrophrys, and davidianus) is elevated to species rank as Chinese Beautiful Rosefinch (Carpodacus davidianus). Carpodacus pulcherrimus becomes monotypic, and the English name changes to Himalayan Beautiful Rosefinch.
References:
Rasmussen, P.C. 2005. Revised species limits and field identification of Asian rosefinches. BirdingAsia number 3: 18-27.
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 630, Spot-winged Rosefinch Carpodacus rhodopeplus
We follow Rasmussen (2005) and Rasmussen and Anderton (2005) in elevating the subspecies verreauxii to species rank as Sharpe's Rosefinch (Carpodacus verreauxii). Carpodacus rhodopeplus becomes monotypic, and retains the English name Spot-winged Rosefinch.
References:
Rasmussen, P.C. 2005. Revised species limits and field identification of Asian rosefinches. BirdingAsia number 3: 18-27.
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 630, White-browed Rosefinch Carpodacus thura
We follow Rasmussen (2005) and Rasmussen and Anderton (2005) in splitting the White-browed Rosefinch Carpodacus thura into two species. The dubius group of subspecies (femininus, dubius, and deserticolor) is elevated to species rank as Chinese White-browed Rosefinch (Carpodacus dubius). Carpodacus thura includes only two subspecies, blythi and thura, and the English name changes to Himalayan White-browed Rosefinch.
References:
Rasmussen, P.C. 2005. Revised species limits and field identification of Asian rosefinches. BirdingAsia number 3: 18-27.
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 630, Red-mantled Rosefinch Carpodacus rhodochlamys
We follow Rasmussen (2005) and Rasmussen and Anderton (2005) in elevating subspecies grandis to species rank as Blyth's Rosefinch (Carpodacus grandis). Carpodacus rhodochlamys becomes monotypic, and retains the English name Red-mantled Rosefinch.
References:
Rasmussen, P.C. 2005. Revised species limits and field identification of Asian rosefinches. BirdingAsia number 3: 18-27.
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
Page 630, Great Rosefinch Carpodacus rubicilla
We follow Rasmussen (2005) and Rasmussen and Anderton (2005) in splitting the Great Rosefinch Carpodacus rubicilla into two species. Subspecies severtzovi is elevated to species rank as Spotted Rosefinch (Carpodacus severtzovi). The remaining three subspecies are retained in Carpodacus rubicilla, which retains the English name Great Rosefinch.
References:
Rasmussen, P.C. 2005. Revised species limits and field identification of Asian rosefinches. BirdingAsia number 3: 18-27.
Rasmussen, P.C., and J.C. Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia. The Ripley guide. Volume 2: attributes and status. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington D.C. and Barcelona.
SPECIES LOSSES (lumps and other deletions)
Page 71, Imperial Pheasant Lophura imperialis
Imperial Pheasant (Lophura imperialis) is deleted. This name refers to hybrids between Silver Pheasant (Lophura nycthemera) and Edwards's Pheasant (Lophura edwardsi), and is not a valid taxon.
Reference:
Hennache, A., P. Rasmussen, V. Lucchini, S. Rimondi, and E. Randi. 2003. Hybrid origin of the imperial pheasant Lophura imperialis (Delacour and Jabouille, 1924) demonstrated by morphology, hybrid experiments, and DNA analyses. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 80: 573–600.
Page 243, Chestnut-mandibled Toucan Ramphastos swainsonii
It long has been known that the Chestnut-mandibled Toucan was closely related to the Black-mandibled Toucan (Ramphastos ambiguus). SACC classified these as the same species, but Clements Checklist followed NACC in continuing to recognize two species. Recently, however, NACC voted to lump these species as well, and so Clements Checklist follows suit. Both Chestnut-mandibled and Black-mandibled toucans are retained as a separate groups, of course.
References:
SACC proposal 440
Page 594, Palm Crow Corvus minutus
NACC classifies the Cuban Palm Crow (Corvus palmarum) and Palm Crow (Corvus minutus) as conspecific. When the Clements Checklist was revised to follow NACC (Clements Checklist 6.3, December 2008), this change was overlooked. In accord with NACC, we now consider Palm Crow to involve two monotypic island-endemic groups within a single species, known as Palm Crow (Corvus palmarum).
Page 350, Degodi Lark Mirafra degodiensis
The Degodi Lark (Mirafra degodiensis), known only from a small area in eastern Ethiopia, now is considered to be a synonym of the nominate subspecies of Gillett's Lark (Mirafra gilletti), and so is removed from Clements Checklist.
Reference:
Collar, N. J., C. Dingle, M. N. Gabremichael, and C. N. Spottoswoode. 2009. Taxonomic status of the Degodi Lark Mirafra degodiensis, with notes on the voice of Gillett's Lark M. gilletti. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 129: 49-62.
Page 500, Deignan's Babbler Stachyris rodolphei
A recent review of the status of Deignan's Babbler concludes that it mostly likely is a synonym of the nominate subspecies of Rufous-fronted Babbler (Stachyris rufifrons rufifrons, now Stachyridopsis rufifrons rufifrons; see below), and so Deignan's Babbler is removed from the Clements Checklist.
References:
Collar, N.J. 2006. A partial revision of the Asian babblers (Timaliidae). Forktail 22: 85-112.
Collar, N. J., and C. Robson. 2007. Family Timaliidae (babblers). Pages 70-291 in J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D.A. Christie (editors), Handbook of the birds of the world. Volume12. Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
Page 450, Beijing Flycatcher Ficedula beijingnica
Beijing Flycatcher (Ficedula beijingnica) is deleted; this 'species' represents the first summer (first alternate) plumage of Narcissus Flycatcher (Green-backed) Ficedula narcissina elisae, rather than a distinct taxon.
References:
Töpfer, T. 2006. Systematic notes on Asian birds. 60. Remarks on the systematic position of Ficedula elisae (Weigold, 1922). Zoologische Mededelingen 80: 203-212.
Zhang, Y.-Y., N. Wang, J. Zhang, and G.-M. Zheng. 2006. Acoustic difference of narcissus flycatcher complex. Acta Zoologica Sinica 52: 648-654.
FAMILIES
FAMILIES (newly recognized families)
Calyptomenidae (African and Green Broadbills)
Sapayoidae (Sapayoa)
Pages 264-265, broadbills Eurylaimidae
The "broadbill radiation", which includes the Asities (Philepittidae), is best classified as four families. Thus, the Clements Checklist sees a gain of two new families:
Calyptomenidae (African and Green Broadbills), including the genera Smithornis and Calyptomena
and
Sapayoidae (Sapayoa), for Sapayoa (Sapayoa aenigma).
The English name for the genera that remain in Eurylaimidae is changed to Asian and Grauer's Broadbills.
The sequence of the "broadbill radiation" is
Calyptomenidae (African and Green Broadbills)
Eurylaimidae (Asian and Grauer's Broadbills)
Sapayoidae (Sapayoa)
Philepittidae (Asities)
References:
Irestedt, M., J. I. Ohlson, D. Zuccon, M. Källersjö, and P. G. P. Ericson. 2006. Nuclear DNA from old collections of avian study skins reveals the evolutionary history of the Old World suboscines (Aves, Passeriformes). Zooloogica Scripta 35: 567-580.
Moyle, R. G., R. T. Chesser. R. O. Prum, P. Schikler, and J. Cracraft. 2006. Phylogeny and evolutionary history of Old World suboscine birds (Aves: Eurylaimides). American Museum Novitates number 3544: 1-22.
NACC proposal 2010-A-11
Cupwings (Pnoepygidae)
A new family, Cupwings (Pnoepygidae), is created for the genus Pnoepyga. Formerly these species were included in the Babblers (Timaliidae).The English group name is changed from "wren-babbler" to "cupwing", following a suggestion by Inskipp et al. (2010).
Position the new family immediately following Penduline Tits and Long-tailed Tits (Remizidae).
Reference:
Gelang, M., A. Cibois, E. Pasquet, U. Olsson, P. Alström and P.G.P. Ericson. 2009. Phylogeny of babblers (Aves, Passeriformes): major lineages, family limits and classification. Zoologica Scripta 38: 225-236.
Inskipp, Collar & Pilgram. 2010. Species-level and other changes suggested for Asian birds, 2009. Birding Asia 14: 59-67.
African Warblers (Macrosphenidae)
Most of the species in this family traditionally have been classified in the Old World warblers (Sylviidae). Recent genetic research demonstrates that these species are not Old World warblers after all. Instead, these genera, in combination with the Damara Rockjumper (Chaetops pycnopygius; now called Rockrunner Achaetops pycnopygius, see below), form a new family, the African Warblers (Macrosphenidae). Position the Macrosphenidae between the Cupwings (Pnoepygidae) and the Bush-Warblers and Allies (Cettiidae).
Most species of Bradypterus remain in their current position in the Locustellidae (Grassbirds and Allies). The Victorin's Scrub-Warbler (Bradypterus victorini), however, is a member of the Macrosphenidae, and is not related to true Bradypterus. Consequently, this species needs to be placed in a different genus. The available name seems to be Cryptillas, and so the scientific name of the species becomes Cryptillas victorini; the English name is simplified to Victorin's Warbler.
The sequence of genera in the Macrosphenidae is
Sylvietta
Achaetops
Melocichla
Sphenoeacus
Cryptillas
Macrosphenus
Note that Melocichla was not included in the recent genetic studies; we tentatively include this genus in Macrosphenidae due its traditional classification near to Sphenoeacus, but as yet there is no direct evidence for its phylogenetic affinities.
References:
Beresford, P., F.K. Barker, P.G. Ryan, and T.M. Crowe. 2005. African endemics span the tree of songbirds Passeri): molecular systematics of several evolutionary 'enigmas'. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 272: 849-858.
Johansson, U.S., Bowie, R.C.K. & Fjeldså, J. 2008. Phylogenetic relationships within Passerida (Aves: Passeriformes): a review and a new molecular phylogeny based on three nuclear intron markers. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48: 858-876.
Watson, G. E., M. A. Traylor, Jr., and E. Mayr. 1986. Family Sylviidae. Pages 3-294 in E. Mayr and G. W. Cottrell (editors), Check-list of birds of the world. Volume XI. Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Wolters, H. E. 1983. Die Vögel Europas im System der Vögel. Biotropic, Baden-Baden.
Fulvettas and Ground Babblers (Pellorneidae)
A new family, Fulvettas and Ground Babblers (Pellorneidae), is recognized for a group of genera formerly included in the Babblers (Timalidae). The sequence of genera in the Pellorneidae is
Alcippe
Graminicola
Turdinus
Gampsorhynchus
Schoeniparus
Malacocincla
Kenopia
Pellorneum
Trichastoma
Malacopteron
Illadopsis
Ptyrticus
Napothera
Robsonius
Gypsophila
Jabouilleia
Rimator
Ptilocichla
In earlier editions of Clements Checklist, Alcippe contained up to 23 species, but the species of Alcippe now are split among four genera. The seven species included here in Alcippe are
Nepal Fulvetta Alcippe nipalensis
Brown Fulvetta Alcippe brunneicauda
Black-browed Fulvetta Alcippe grotei
Brown-cheeked Fulvetta Alcippe poioicephala
Mountain Fulvetta Alcippe peracensis
Javan Fulvetta Alcippe pyrrhoptera
Gray-cheeked Fulvetta Alcippe morrisonia
The following seven species formerly were members members of Alcippe but now are separated in the genus Schoeniparus:
Rufous-throated Fulvetta now Schoeniparus rufogularis
Yellow-throated Fulvetta now Schoeniparus cinerea
Gold-fronted Fulvetta now Schoeniparus variegaticeps
Rufous-winged Fulvetta now Schoeniparus castaneceps
Black-crowned Fulvetta now Schoeniparus klossi
Dusky Fulvetta now Schoeniparus brunnea
Rusty-capped Fulvetta now Schoeniparus dubia
References:
Cibois, A. 2003. Mitochondrial DNA phylogeny of babblers (Timaliidae). Auk 120: 35-54.
Collar, N. J., and C. Robson. 2007. Family Timaliidae (babblers). Pages 70-291 in J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D.A. Christie (editors), Handbook of the birds of the world. Volume12. Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
Gelang, M., A. Cibois, E. Pasquet, U. Olsson, P. Alström and P.G.P. Ericson. 2009. Phylogeny of babblers (Aves, Passeriformes): major lineages, family limits and classification. Zoologica Scripta 38: 225-236.
Pasquet, E., E. Bourdon, M. V. Kalyakin, and A. Cibois. 2006. The fulvettas (Alcippe, Timaliidae, Aves): a polyphyletic group. Zoologica Scripta 35: 559-566.
Laughingthrushes (Leiothrichidae)
A new family, Laughingthrushes (Leiothrichidae), is recognized for a group of genera formerly included in the Babblers (Timalidae). The sequence of genera in the Leiothrichidae is
Babax
Garrulax
Turdoides
Kupeornis
Phyllanthus
Cutia
Leiothrix
Crocias
Heterophasia
Liocichla
Actinodura
Minla
References:
Cibois, A. 2003. Mitochondrial DNA phylogeny of babblers (Timaliidae). Auk 120: 35-54.
Collar, N. J., and C. Robson. 2007. Family Timaliidae (babblers). Pages 70-291 in J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D.A. Christie (editors), Handbook of the birds of the world. Volume12. Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
Gelang, M., A. Cibois, E. Pasquet, U. Olsson, P. Alström and P.G.P. Ericson. 2009. Phylogeny of babblers (Aves, Passeriformes): major lineages, family limits and classification. Zoologica Scripta 38: 225-236.
FAMILIES (lumps)
Philippine Creepers (Rhabdornithidae)
The Philippine Creepers (Rhabdornithidae) are lumped with the Starlings (Sturnidae), and no longer are recognized as a separate family.
Reference:
Lovette, I.J., and D.R. Rubenstein. 2007. A comprehensive molecular phylogeny of the starlings (Aves: Sturnidae) and mockingbirds (Aves: Mimidae): congruent mtDNA and nuclear trees for a cosmopolitan avian radiation. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 44: 1031-1056.
FAMILIES (nomenclature)
Pages 531-532, Creepers Certhiidae
The English name of the family Certhiidae is changed from "Creepers" to "Treecreepers", since the majority of the species are known by the latter name.
Change the scientific name of the family Megaluridae (Grassbirds and Allies) to Locustellidae. The researchers who first identified this warbler radiation adopted the name Megaluridae (Alström 2006, Johansson 2008), but the correct family name is Locustellidae (Bock 1994, Sangster et al. 2010).
References:
Alström, P., P.G.P. Ericson, U. Olsson, and P. Sundberg. 2006. Phylogeny and classification of the avian superfamily Sylvioidea. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 38: 381-397.
W. J. Bock. 1994. History and nomenclature of avian family-group names. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History number 222.
Johansson, U.S., Bowie, R.C.K. & Fjeldså, J. 2008. Phylogenetic relationships within Passerida (Aves: Passeriformes): a review and a new molecular phylogeny based on three nuclear intron markers. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48: 858-876.
Sangster, G., J. M. Collinson, A. G. Knox, D. T. Parkin, and L. Svensson. 2010. Taxonomic recommendations for British birds: sixth report. Ibis 152: 180-186.
White-eyes Zosteropidae
Change the English name for the family Zosteropidae from White-eyes to Yuhinas, White-eyes, and Allies, to more accurately reflect the range of species and genera now included in the family.
FAMILIES (composition)
Vireonidae (Vireos)
Pages 505-506 shrike-babblers, Pteruthius spp.
Page 510, White-bellied Yuhina Yuhina zantholeuca
The shrike-babblers have been included in the Timaliidae (Babblers), but genetic evidence shows that they are more closely related to the Vireonidae (Vireos). The White-bellied Yuhina (now White-bellied Erpornis Erpornis zantholeuca) most recently had been included in the Zosteropidae (Yuhinas, White-eyes, and allies), but again recent genetic evidence demonstrates that this species is more closely related to Pteruthius. Our preference would be to create a new family, separate from the vireos (Vireonidae), to accommodate the genera Pteruthius and Erpornis. No family name has been proposed formally for such a group, however, so we include both in Vireonidae. Position Pteruthius and Erpornis at the beginning of the Vireonidae (immediately following White-crowned Shrike Eurocephalus anguitimens).
Reference:
Reddy, S., and J. Cracraft. 2007. Old World Shrike-babblers (Pteruthius) belong with New World vireos (Vireonidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 44: 1352-1357.
Stenostiridae (Fairy Flycatchers)
Page 468, Yellow-bellied Fantail Rhipidura hypoxantha
Genetic evidence indicates that this species is not a Rhipidura, but instead is a member of the Stenostiridae. It is placed immediately following Fairy Flycatcher (Stenostira scita), with new English and scientific names Yellow-bellied Fairy-Fantail Chelidorhynx hypoxantha.
References:
Fuchs, J., E. Pasquet, A. Couloux, J. Fjeldså, and R.C.K. Bowie. (2009. A new Indo-Malayan member of the Stenostiridae (Aves: Passeriformes) revealed by multi-locus sequence data: biogeographical implications for a morphologically diverse clade of flycatchers. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 53: 384-393.
Nyári, Á.S., B.W. Benz, K.A. Jønsson, J. Fjeldså, and R.G. Moyle. 2009. Phylogenetic relationships of fantails (Aves: Rhipiduridae). Zoologica Scripta 38: 553–561.
Cettiidae (Bush-Warblers and Allies)
Page 471-472 genus Erythrocercus (Monarchidae: Monarch Flycatchers)
Several recent studies, based on phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequence data, are consistent in showing that the Chestnut-capped Flycatcher Erythrocercus mccallii is not a member of the Monarchidae (Monarch Flycatchers), but instead is more closely related to the Cettiidae (Bush-Warblers and Allies). We suspect that further research will show that Erythrocercus, and perhaps other genera, belong in a separate family related to the Cettiidae. For the moment, however, given that it seems clear that Erythrocercus does not belong with Monarchidae, we move all three species of this genus to the beginning of the Cettiidae. Position Erythrocercus immediately following Kretschmer's Longbill Macrosphenus kretschmeri.
References:
Johansson, U.S., Bowie, R.C.K. & Fjeldså, J. 2008. Phylogenetic relationships within Passerida (Aves: Passeriformes): a review and a new molecular phylogeny based on three nuclear intron markers. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48: 858-876.
Irestedt, M., M. Gelang, G. Sangster, U. Olsson, P.G.P. Ericson, and P. Alström. 2011. Neumann’s Warbler Hemitesia neumanni (Sylvioidea): the sole African member of a Palaeotropic Miocene avifauna. Ibis 153: 78-86.
Alström, P., J. Fjeldså, S. Fregin, and U. Olsson. 2011. Gross morphology betrays phylogeny: the Scrub Warbler Scotocerca inquieta is not a cisticolid. Ibis 153: 87–97.
Page 419, Streaked Scrub-Warbler Scotocerca inquieta
Recent genetic evidence (phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequence data) reveals that this species is not a member of the Cisticolidae (Cisticolas and Allies); rather, it is more closely related to the Cettiidae (Bush-Warblers and Allies). Position Scotocerca immediately following Kretschmer's Longbill Macrosphenus kretschmeri and the genus Erythrocercus (see note below).
Also, we simplify the English name of the species to Scrub Warbler, in accordance with most recent literature on this species.
References:
Alström, P., J. Fjeldså, S. Fregin, and U. Olsson. 2011. Gross morphology betrays phylogeny: the Scrub Warbler Scotocerca inquieta is not a cisticolid. Ibis 153: 87–97.
Page 435, Neumann's Warbler Hemitesia neumanni
Genetic evidence (phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequence data) reveals that this species is not a member of the Sylviidae (Old World Warblers), but instead is a member of the Cettiidae (Bush-Warblers and Allies).
Reference:
Irestedt, M., M. Gelang, G. Sangster, U. Olsson, P.G.P. Ericson, and P. Alström. 2011. Neumann’s Warbler Hemitesia neumanni (Sylvioidea): the sole African member of a Palaeotropic Miocene avifauna. Ibis 153: 78-86.
Sylviidae (Old World Warblers)
Page 496, African Hill Babbler Pseudoalcippe abyssinica
Recent genetic evidence (phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequence data) reveals that this species is a member of the Old World Warblers (Sylviidae), and is not a babbler (Timaliidae). Indeed, the African Hill Babbler may be more closely related to some species in the genus Sylvia, than these species are to other species of Sylvia. For the time being we position the African Hill Babbler adjacent to Sylvia, immediately following Fire-tailed Myzornis Myzornis pyrrhoura. We anticipate that future changes are in store, however, for the nomenclature of Sylvia and related species.
References:
Cibois, A. 2003. Mitochondrial DNA phylogeny of babblers (Timaliidae). Auk 120: 35-54.
Johansson, U.S., Bowie, R.C.K. & Fjeldså, J. 2008. Phylogenetic relationships within Passerida (Aves: Passeriformes): a review and a new molecular phylogeny based on three nuclear intron markers. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48: 858-876.
Voelker, G., M. Melo, and R. C. K. Bowie. 2009. A Gulf of Guinea island endemic is a member of a Mediterranean-centred bird genus. Ibis 151: 580-583.
Page 509, Bush Blackcap Lioptilus nigricapillus
The status of this species is similar to that of African Hill Babbler (see note above). Recent genetic evidence (phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequence data) reveals that this species is a member of the Old World Warblers (Sylviidae), and is not a babbler (Timaliidae). For the time being we position Dohrn's Thrush-Babbler adjacent to Sylvia, immediately following Fire-tailed Myzornis Myzornis pyrrhoura and African Hill Babbler Pseudoalcippe abyssinica.
References:
Johansson, U.S., Bowie, R.C.K. & Fjeldså, J. 2008. Phylogenetic relationships within Passerida (Aves: Passeriformes): a review and a new molecular phylogeny based on three nuclear intron markers. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48: 858-876.
Page 509, Dohrn's Thrush-Babbler Horizorhinus dohrni
The status of this species is similar to that of African Hill Babbler (see note above). Recent genetic evidence (phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequence data) reveals that this species is a member of the Old World Warblers (Sylviidae), and is not a babbler (Timaliidae). As with the African Hill Babbler, Dorhrn's Thrush-Babbler may be more closely related to some species in the genus Sylvia, than these species are to other species of Sylvia. For the time being we position Dohrn's Thrush-Babbler adjacent to Sylvia, immediately following African Hill Babbler Pseudoalcippe abyssinica and Bush Blackcap Lioptilus nigricapillus.
References:
Voelker, G., M. Melo, and R. C. K. Bowie. 2009. A Gulf of Guinea island endemic is a member of a Mediterranean-centred bird genus. Ibis 151: 580-583.
Pages 507-509, fulvettas Alcippe spp.
Recent genetic work demonstrated that the species of fulvetta belong to no fewer than four genera, two of which also are not even babblers. Among the resulting changes are:
Golden-breasted Fulvetta Alcippe chrysotis. This species belongs with the Old World Warblers (Sylviidae). Consequently, it requires a new genus name, and becomes Golden-breasted Fulvetta (Lioparus chrysotis). Position the Golden-breasted Fulvetta immediately after the Green Hylia Hylia prasina. (The Green Hylia almost surely does not belong in Sylviidae, by the way, but remains stuck there for now in the absence of a clear indication of its true affinities.)
The following species also are transferred to the Sylviidae, but are assigned to the genus Fulvetta. They are inserted, in the sequence listed below, following Rufous-tailed Babbler Chrysomma poecilotis:
Spectacled Fulvetta now Fulvetta ruficapilla
Indochinese Fulvetta now Fulvetta danisi
Chinese Fulvetta now Fulvetta striaticollis
White-browed Fulvetta now Fulvetta vinipectus
Taiwan Fulvetta now Fulvetta formosana
Gray-hooded Fulvetta now Fulvetta cinereiceps
Streak-throated Fulvetta now Fulvetta manipurensis
Ludlow's Fulvetta now Fulvetta ludlowi
Note that we had reversed the English names of Fulvetta cinereiceps and Fulvetta manipurensis in the Clements Checklist spreadsheet 6.5 of December 2009; that mistake is corrected here.
References:
Cibois, A. 2003. Mitochondrial DNA phylogeny of babblers (Timaliidae). Auk 120: 35-54.
Collar, N. J., and C. Robson. 2007. Family Timaliidae (babblers). Pages 70-291 in J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D.A. Christie (editors), Handbook of the birds of the world. Volume12. Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
Gelang, M., A. Cibois, E. Pasquet, U. Olsson, P. Alström and P.G.P. Ericson. 2009. Phylogeny of babblers (Aves, Passeriformes): major lineages, family limits and classification. Zoologica Scripta 38: 225-236.
Pasquet, E., E. Bourdon, M. V. Kalyakin, and A. Cibois. 2006. The fulvettas (Alcippe, Timaliidae, Aves): a polyphyletic group. Zoologica Scripta 35: 559-566.
Zosteropidae (Yuhinas, White-eyes, and Allies)
Page 500, Chestnut-faced Babbler Stachyris whiteheadi
Luzon Striped-Babbler Stachyris striata
Panay Striped-Babbler Stachyris latistriata
Negros Striped-Babbler Stachyris nigrorum
Palawan Striped-Babbler Stachyris hypogrammica
These five species are not "true" Stachyris, indeed they are not members of the Babblers (Timaliidae) at all; rather, they belong the Yuhinas, White-eyes, and Allies (Zosteropidae). All are transferred to the genus Zosterornis, and for some species the ending of the species name changes as well:
Luzon Striped-Babbler Stachyris striata becomes Zosterornis striatus
Panay Striped-Babbler Stachyris latistriata becomes Zosterornis latistriatus
Palawan Striped-Babbler Stachyris hypogrammica becomes Zosterornis hypogrammicus
References:
Cibois, A. 2003. Mitochondrial DNA phylogeny of babblers (Timaliidae). Auk 120: 35-54.
Collar, N.J., and C. Robson. 2007. Family Timaliidae (Babblers). Pages 70-291 in J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D.A. Christie (editors), Handbook of the birds of the world. Volume12. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
Gelang, M., A. Cibois, E. Pasquet, U. Olsson, P. Alström and P.G.P. Ericson. 2009. Phylogeny of babblers (Aves, Passeriformes): major lineages, family limits and classification. Zoologica Scripta 38: 225-236.
Moyle, R. G., C. E. Filardi, C. E. Smith, and J. Diamond. 2009. Explosive Pleistocene diversification and hemispheric expansion of a "great speciator." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106: 1863–1868.
Page 500, Visayan Pygmy-Babbler Stachyris pygmaea
Mindanao Pygmy-Babbler Stachyris plateni
Golden-crowned Babbler Stachyris dennistouni
Black-crowned Babbler Stachyris nigrocapitata
Rusty-crowned Babbler Stachyris capitalis
These five species are not "true" Stachyris, indeed they are not members of the Babblers (Timaliidae) at all; rather, they belong the Yuhinas, White-eyes, and Allies (Zosteropidae). All are transferred to the genus Sterrhoptilus, and for some species the ending of the species name changes as well:
Visayan Pygmy-Babbler Stachyris pygmaea becomes Sterrhoptilus pygmaeus
Black-crowned Babbler Stachyris nigrocapitata becomes Sterrhoptilus nigrocapitatus
References:
Collar, N.J., and C. Robson. 2007. Family Timaliidae (Babblers). Pages 70-291 in J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D.A. Christie (editors), Handbook of the birds of the world. Volume12. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
Moyle, R. G., C. E. Filardi, C. E. Smith, and J. Diamond. 2009. Explosive Pleistocenediversification and hemispheric expansion of a "great speciator." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106: 1863–1868.
Page 500, Flame-templed Babbler Stachyris speciosa
This species also is not a "true" Stachyris, indeed it is not a member of the Babblers (Timaliidae) at all; rather, the Flame-templed Babbler belongs with the Yuhinas, White-eyes, and Allies (Zosteropidae). It is transferred to the genus Dasycrotapha. Also, remove the entry for "Stachyris [Dasycrotapha] speciosa ssp," and the species becomes monotypic. Revise the species range to "Negros and Panay, c Philippines; population on Panay may be an undescribed subspecies."
References:
Collar, N.J., and C. Robson. 2007. Family Timaliidae (Babblers). Pages 70-291 in J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D.A. Christie (editors), Handbook of the birds of the world. Volume12. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
Moyle, R. G., C. E. Filardi, C. E. Smith, and J. Diamond. 2009. Explosive Pleistocene diversification and hemispheric expansion of a "great speciator." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106: 1863–1868.
Promeropidae (Sugarbirds)
Page 493, Spot-throat Modulatrix stictigula
Dapple-throat Arcanator orostruthus
Gray-chested Illadopsis Kakamega poliothorax
All three of these genera traditionally were classified in the Babblers (Timaliidae). Recent genetic data reveals that none are Babblers, but that all are closer to the Sugarbirds (Promeropidae). It is possible that further research will reveal that they are not members of Promeropidae, but instead merit a family of their own. In the absence of any further information on their relationships, however, and in light of firm evidence that none are members of the Timaliidae, we transfer all three genera to the Promeropidae.
References:
Barker, F.K., A. Cibois, P. Schikler, J. Feinstein, and J. Cracraft. 2004. Phylogeny and diversification of the largest avian radiation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America 101: 11040-11045.
Johansson, U.S., Bowie, R.C.K. & Fjeldså, J. 2008. Phylogenetic relationships within Passerida (Aves: Passeriformes): a review and a new molecular phylogeny based on three nuclear intron markers. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48: 858-876.
Muscicapidae (Old World Flycatchers)
Page 414, Fire-crested Alethe Alethe diademata
Genetic evidence reveals that the Fire-crested Alethe belongs with the Muscicapidae (Old World Flycatchers), and not with the Turdidae (Thrushes and Allies).
References:
Sangster, G., P. Alström, E. Forsmark, and U. Olsson. 2010. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 380–392.
Voelker, G., and G.M. Spellman. 2004. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA evidence of polyphyly in the avian superfamily Muscicapoidea. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 30: 386–394.
Page 414, Brown-chested Alethe Alethe poliocephala
Red-throated Alethe Alethe poliophrys
Cholo Alethe Alethe choloensis
White-chested Alethe Pseudalethe fuelleborni
Genetic evidence indicates that these alethes are not members of the Turdidae (Thrushes and Allies), but instead belong to the Muscicapidae (Old World Flycatchers). They also, however, belong to a different section of the Muscicapidae than does the Fire-crested Alethe, and so these four species all are transferred to the genus Pseudalethe.
References:
Beresford, P. 2003. Molecular systematic of Alethe, Sheppardia and some other African robins (Muscicapoidea). Ostrich 74: 58-73.
Sangster, G., P. Alström, E. Forsmark, and U. Olsson. 2010. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 380–392.
Voelker, G., and G.M. Spellman. 2004. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA evidence of polyphyly in the avian superfamily Muscicapoidea. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 30: 386–394.
Page 413, Great Shortwing Heinrichia calligyna
Genetic evidence indicates that the Great Shortwing (Heinrichia calligyna) is not a member of the Turdidae (Thrushes and Allies), but instead belongs to the Muscicapidae (Old World Flycatchers).
Reference:
Sangster, G., P. Alström, E. Forsmark, and U. Olsson. 2010. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 380–392.
Page 413, Rusty-bellied Shortwing Brachypteryx hyperythra
Gould's Shortwing Brachypteryx stellata
White-bellied Shortwing Brachypteryx major
Lesser Shortwing Brachypteryx leucophrys
White-browed Shortwing Brachypteryx montana
Genetic evidence indicates that the genus Brachypteryx is not a member of the Turdidae (Thrushes), but instead belongs in the Muscicapidae (Old World Flycatchers). Also note that subspecies Brachypteryx major albiventris is elevated to species rank (see above), and retains the English name White-bellied Shortwing; as a consequence the English name for Brachypteryx major changes to Nilgiri Shortwing.
References:
Sangster, G., P. Alström, E. Forsmark, and U. Olsson. 2010. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 380–392.
Voelker, G., and G.M. Spellman. 2004. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA evidence of polyphyly in the avian superfamily Muscicapoidea. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 30: 386–394.
Page 402, Ceylon Whistling-Thrush Myophonus blighi
Shiny Whistling-Thrush Myophonus melanurus
Javan Whistling-Thrush Myophonus glaucinus
Chestnut-winged Whistling-Thrush Myophonus castaneus
Bornean Whistling-Thrush Myophonus borneensis
Malayan Whistling-Thrush Myophonus robinsoni
Malabar Whistling-Thrush Myophonus horsfieldii
Formosan Whistling-Thrush Myophonus insularis
Blue Whistling-Thrush Myophonus caeruleus
Genetic evidence indicates that the whistling-thrushes (Myophonus) are not members of the Turdidae (Thrushes and Allies), but instead belong to the Muscicapidae (Old World Flycatchers).
References:
Sangster, G., P. Alström, E. Forsmark, and U. Olsson. 2010. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 380–392.
Voelker, G., and G.M. Spellman. 2004. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA evidence of polyphyly in the avian superfamily Muscicapoidea. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 30: 386–394.
Page 401, Little Rock-Thrush Monticola rufocinereus
Chestnut-bellied Rock-Thrush Monticola rufiventris
White-throated Rock-Thrush Monticola gularis
Blue-capped Rock-Thrush Monticola cinclorhynchus
Short-toed Rock-Thrush Monticola brevipes
Sentinel Rock-Thrush Monticola explorator
Amber Mountain Rock-Thrush Monticola erythronota
Forest Rock-Thrush Monticola sharpei
Benson's Rock-Thrush Monticola bensoni
Littoral Rock-Thrush Monticola imerina
Rufous-tailed Rock-Thrush Monticola saxatilis
Blue Rock-Thrush Monticola solitarius
Miombo Rock-Thrush Monticola angolensis
Cape Rock-Thrush Monticola rupestris
Genetic evidence indicates that the rock-thrushes (Monticola) are not members of the Turdidae (Thrushes and Allies), but instead belong to the Muscicapidae (Old World Flycatchers).
References:
Sangster, G., P. Alström, E. Forsmark, and U. Olsson. 2010. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 380–392.
Voelker, G., and G.M. Spellman. 2004. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA evidence of polyphyly in the avian superfamily Muscicapoidea. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 30: 386–394.
Turdidae (Thrushes and Allies)
Page 462, Purple Cochoa Cochoa purpurea
Green Cochoa Cochoa viridis
Sumatran Cocha Cochoa beccarii
Javan Cochoa Cochoa azurea
The genus Cochoa belongs with the Turdidae (Thrushes and Allies), and not with the Muscicapidae (Old World Flycatchers).
References:
Sangster, G., P. Alström, E. Forsmark, and U. Olsson. 2010. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 380–392.
Voelker, G., and G.M. Spellman. 2004. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA evidence of polyphyly in the avian superfamily Muscicapoidea. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 30: 386–394.
Motacillidae (Wagtails and Pipits)
Page 436, Bocage's Longbill Amaurocichla bocagei
Recent genetic evidence (phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequence data) reveals that this enigmatic terrestrial "warbler" is more closely related to the Wagtails and Pipits (Motacillidae). Consequently Amaurocichla is removed from the Old World Warblers (Sylviidae) and moved to the Motacillidae. In addition, change the English name from Bocage's Longbill to Sao Tome Short-tail.
Reference:
Johansson, U.S., Bowie, R.C.K. & Fjeldså, J. 2008. Phylogenetic relationships within Passerida (Aves: Passeriformes): a review and a new molecular phylogeny based on three nuclear intron markers. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48: 858-876.
Passeridae (Old WORLD Sparrows)
Page 556, Cinnamon White-eye Hypocryptadius cinnamomeus
Genetic evidence indicates that this enigmatic species is not a white-eye (Zosteropidae (Yuhinas, White-eyes, and Allies), but instead is a member of the Passeridae. Position this species at the beginning of the Old World Sparrows (Passeridae). Change the English name to Cinnamon Ibon.
References:
Fjeldså, J., M. Irestedt, P.G.P. Ericson, and D. Zuccon. 2010. The Cinnamon Ibon Hypocryptadius cinnamomeus is a forest canopy sparrow. Ibis 152: 747-760.
Kennedy, R.S., P C. Gonzalez, E.C. Dickinson, H.C. Miranda, Jr., and T.H. Fisher. 2000. A guide to the birds of the Philippines. Oxford University Press, Oxford and New York.
STANDARD UPDATES and CORRECTIONS
Page 2, Lesser Rhea Rhea pennata
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Rhea pennata garleppi/tarapacensis to Rhea pennata tarapacensis/garleppi.
Page 27, Greater White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Anser albifrons frontalis/gambelli to Anser albifrons gambelli/frontalis.
Page 27, Brant Branta bernicla
Previously, subspecies orientalis had not been assigned to a group. This subspecies sometimes is merged with subspecies nigricans, and belongs in the same group, now named Brant (Black) Branta bernicla nigricans/orientalis.
Page 27, Cackling Goose Branta hutchinsii
The extinct subspecies Branta hutchinsii asiatica is deleted; asiatica now is considered to be a synonym of Cackling Goose (Aleutian) Branta hutchinsii leucopareia. Revise the range of Branta hutchinsii leucopareia from "Buldir I. (w Alaska). Formerly Kuril Is. and Aleutian Is." to
"Locally in Aleutians and Semdi Is., Alaska (formerly bred from Kuril Is. and Commander Is. east to near Kodiak I); winters Oregon, California."
Reference:
Mowbray, T.B., C.R. Ely, J.S. Sedinger, and R.E. Trost. 2002. Canada Goose (Branta canadensis). In A. Poole (editor), The Birds of North America Online. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, New York. Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna/species/682
Page 56, Dusky-legged Guan Penelope obscura
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Penelope obscura bronzina/obscura to Penelope obscura obscura/bronzina.
Page 56, Sickle-winged Guan Chamaepetes goudotii
Revise the range of Chamaepetes goudotii rufiventris from "E slope of Andes of central Peru" to "E slope of Andes in c and s Peru (locally Junin to Puno), n Bolivia in La Paz." Delete the entry for Chamaepetes goudotii ssp. with range of "Undescribed race from mountains of Bolivia (La Paz)."
Page 64, Rock Partridge Alectoris graeca
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Alectoris graeca saxatilis/graeca to Alectoris graeca graeca/saxatilis.
Page 72, Cheer Pheasant Catreus wallichi
Correct the spelling of the species name to wallichii.
Page 72, Ring-necked Pheasant Phasianus colchicus
Correct the spelling of the scientific name of group Ring-necked Pheasant (Ring-necked) from Phasianus colchicus [colcichus Group] to Phasianus colchicus [colchicus Group].
Page 57, Spruce Grouse Falcipennis canadensis
The English name for the group Falcipennis canadensis [canadensis Group] is changed from "Spruce Grouse (Eastern)" to "Spruce Grouse (Spruce)," since this form occurs west to Alaska.
Page 58, Willow Ptarmigan Lagopus lagopus
Correct the English name for the group Lagopus lagopus [lagopus Group] from "Willow Ptarmiugan (Willow)" to "Willow Ptarmigan (Willow)."
Page 58, Rock Ptarmigan Lagopus muta
The entry for Lagopus muta ssp. from the Pamir Alaï Mts. (Tajikistan) is deleted; and the range of Lagopus muta nadezdae is revised from "Mountains of s Siberia and Mongolia" to "Mountains of s Siberia and Mongolia; also Pamir Alai Mts. (Tajikistan; undescribed subspecies?)."
Page 7, Arctic Loon Gavia arctica
All previous editions of the Clements Checklist spreadsheet had a range description on the species line, which now is deleted; the range statements for each of the two subspecies remain.
Page 11, Fea's Petrel Pterodroma feae
Previously the Clements Checklist had treated Fea's Petrel as monotypic, although long ago Mathews (1934) had described a second subspecies (deserta). Evidence is mounting that feae and deserta should be considered distinct species. For now we retain them as subspecies, although each also constitutes a monotypic group.
Revise the range of Pterodroma feae feae to "Breeds Cape Verde Islands; ranges e Atlantic Ocean"; and add Pterodroma feae deserta, with range "Breeds Bugío, Desertas Islands; ranges e Atlantic Ocean."
References:
Mathews, G.M. 1934. [communication upon Soft-plumaged Petrel Pterodroma mollis and its subspecies] Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 54: 178-179.
Robb, M., K. Mullarney, and the Sound Approach. 2008. Petrels night and day: a sound approach guide. The Sound Approach, Poole, Dorset, United Kingdom.
Page 11, Gould's Petrel Pterodroma leucoptera
Correct the English name for the group Pterodroma leucoptera caledonica from Gould's Petrel (New Calendonia) to Gould's Petrel (New Caledonia).
Also, a distinctive new subspecies, Pterodroma leucoptera magnificens, is described from the Banks Islands. Further research may show that it merits recognition as a species, but for now we classify it as a subspecies, and as a group (monotypic). The range is "Suspected to breed in the Banks Islands, northern Vanuatu; nonbreeding distribution unknown."
Reference:
Bretagnolle, V., and H. Shirihai. 2010. A new taxon of Collared Petrel Pterodroma brevipes from the Banks Islands, Vanuatu. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 130: 286-301.
Page 12, Cory Shearwater Calonectris diomedea
In all previous editions of the Clements Checklist spreadsheet, the ranges of the two subspecies of Cory's Shearwater were reversed; the correct ranges are:
Calonectris diomedea diomedea Breeds Mediterranean islands
Calonectris diomedea borealis Breeds Azores, Madeira, Canary and Berlenga islands
Page 13, Tropical Shearwater Puffinus bailloni
Change the English name for the group Puffinus bailloni [dichrous Group] from Tropical Shearwater (dichrous) to Tropical Shearwater (dichrous Group).
Page 16, Red-footed Booby Sula sula
Change the English name for the group Sula sula rubripes from Red-footed Booby (Hawaiian) to Red-footed Booby (Indopacific).
Page 16, Abbott's Booby Papasula abbotti
With the removal of Abbott's Booby into a separate genus (from Sula to Papasula), the position of this species also should have changed. Abbott's Booby belongs between the genera Sula and Morus; position this species immediately following Red-footed Booby Sula sula.
Page 16, Double-crested Cormorant Phalacrocorax auritus
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Phalacrocorax auritus albociliatus/cincinatus to Phalacrocorax auritus cincinatus/albociliatus.
Page 16, Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo
Change the English name for the group Phalacrocorax carbo carbo from Great Cormorant (Atlantic) to Great Cormorant (North Atlantic). We intended to implement this change in Clements Checklist 6.5, but failed to update the spreadsheet.
Page 20, Snowy Egret Egretta thula
From the time when subspecies first were introduced to Clements Checklist (fifth edition, 2000), the ranges of the two subspecies have been reversed. The correct ranges are:
Egretta thula thula Locally from US to central Argentina and West Indies
Egretta thula brewsteri Western US to Baja California and coastal nw Mexico
Page 21, Green Heron Butorides virescens
Subspecies Butorides virescens bahamensis, previously unassigned to any group, joins Butorides virescens virescens to form a polytypic group, Green Heron (Eastern) Butorides virescens virescens/bahamensis.
Also, change the English name for the group Butorides virescens frazari from Green Heron (South Baja) to Green Heron (Frazar's).
Page 25, Black-faced Ibis Theristicus melanopis
All previous editions of the Clements Checklist spreadsheet had a range description on the species line, which now is deleted. Range statements for the two subspecies are:
Theristicus melanopis melanopis Coastal Peru, n Chile and Argentina south to Tierra del Fuego
Theristicus melanopis branickii Andes of Ecuador to extreme n Chile
Page 36, Black Kite Milvus migrans
Subspecies Milvus migrans affinis belongs with the group Black Kite (Black) Milvus migrans [migrans Group], and not with the group Black Kite (Black-eared) Milvus migrans lineatus/formosanus.
Page 43, Bicolored Hawk Accipiter bicolor
Change the scientific name for the Bicolored Hawk (Bicolored) group from Accipiter bicolor [bicolor Group] to Accipiter bicolor bicolor/fidens.
Change the scientific name for the Bicolored Hawk (Spotted) group from Accipiter bicolor [guttifer Group] to Accipiter bicolor pileatus/guttifer.
Page 44, White Hawk Leucopternis albicollis
The English name for the group Leucopternis albicollis ghiesbreghti is changed from White Hawk (Northern) to White Hawk (Snowy), to reflect the distinctive appearance rather than geography.
The English name for the group Leucopternis albicollis costaricensis is changed from White Hawk (Central American) to White Hawk (White-shouldered), to reflect the distinctive appearance rather than geography.
Page 45, Broad-winged Hawk Buteo platypterus
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Buteo platypterus [brunnescens Group] to Buteo platypterus [antillarum Group].
Page 46, Common Buzzard Buteo buteo
Change the scientific name for the Common Buzzard (Steppe) group from Buteo buteo [vulpinus Group] to Buteo buteo vulpinus/menetriesi. Subspecies Buteo buteo refectus (now known as Buteo buteo burmanicus) is removed from this group and given status as its own group (monotypic).
Page 46, Common Buzzard Buteo buteo
The correct name for the subspecies previously known as Buteo buteo refectus is Buteo buteo burmanicus.
Reference:
Pennhallurick, J., and E.C. Dickinson. 2008. The correct name of the 'Himalayan Buzzard' is Buteo (buteo) burmanicus. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 128: 131.
Page 52, Merlin Falco columbarius
Previously, subspecies lymani had not been assigned to a group. It now tentatively is placed within the Merlin (Eurasian) group, Falco columbarius [aesalon Group].
Page 53, Barbary Falcon Falco pelegrinoides
Barbary Falcon is reordered to follow Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrines), since these two species clearly are very closely related.
Pages 87-88, Otidiformes Otididae (Bustards)
The new order Otidiformes was not properly positioned in the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet; it should follow Falconiformes.
Page 75, Mesitornithiformes Mesitornithidae (Mesites)
The new order Mesitornithiformes was not properly positioned in the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet; it should follow Otidiformes.
Page 77, Cariamiformes Cariamidae (Seriemas)
The order Cariamiformes was not properly positioned in the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet; it should follow Mesitornithiformes.
Page 86, Eurypygiformes Rhynochetidae (Kagu) and Eurypygidae (Sunbittern)
The new order Eurypygiformes was not properly positioned in the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet; it should follow Cariamiformes.
Page 79, White-throated Crake Laterallus albigularis
The Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet inadvertently reversed the common names for the two groups of White-throated Crake (Laterallus albigularis). The White-throated Crake (Pacific) group failed to include subspecies Laterallus albigularis cerdaleus from Colombia, so the scientific name for this group is revised from Laterallus albigularis albigularis to Laterallus albigularis albigularis/cerdaleus.
Finally, the English group names are changed to White-throated Crake (Gray-faced) for cinereiceps and White-throated Crake (Rufous-faced) for albigularis/cerdaleus, to reflect their field characteristics.
Page 79, Black Rail Laterallus jamaicensis
The scientific name of the group Black Rail (Northern) is changed from Laterallus jamaicensis [jamaicensis Group] to Laterallus jamaicensis jamaicensis/coturniculus, since only two subspecies are involved.
The scientific name of the group Black Rail (southern South America) is changed from Laterallus jamaicensis [salinasi Group] to Laterallus jamaicensis salinasi/murivagans, since only two subspecies are involved.
Page 85, Purple Swamphen Porphyrio porphyrio
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Porphyrio porphyrio viridis/indicus to Porphyrio porphyrio indicus/viridis.
Page 85, Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus
Wih the split of Common Moorhen into two species, the English and scientific names for the two New World groups are changed to Common Gallinule (American) Gallinula galeata [galeata Group]; and to Common Gallinule (Hawaiian) Gallinula galeata sandvicensis.
Page 699, Samoan Moorhen Gallinula pacifica
In the Clements Checklist 6.5 Updates and Corrections, we transferred the two species of native-hens from Gallinula to Tribonyx. As part of this rearrangement, we should have moved Samoan Moorhen to a position immediately preceding Black-tailed Native-hen (Tribonyx ventralis); we now correct this oversight.
Page 93, Southern Lapwing Vanellus chilensis
The ranges of two of the subspecies are revised:
The range of Vanellus chilensis lampronotus changes from "Amazonia s of the Amazon to s Brazil, n Chile and n Argentina" to "South of the Amazon and east of the Andes to S Uruguay, C Argentina (La Pampa, S Buenos Aires)."
The range of Vanellus chilensis chilensis changes from "Argentina (Comodoro Rivadavia) to Chile (Chiloé I.)" to "Chile (Antofagasta south to Chiloé Island), Argentina (W Mendoza to Neuquen)."
Page 94, Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus
Wih the split of Snowy Plover (Charadrius alexandrinus) into two species, the English names for the Old World groups are changed to Kentish Plover (Kentish) for Charadrius alexandrinus alexandrinus/dealbatus; and to Kentish Plover (Indian) for Charadrius alexandrinus seebohmi.
Page 94, Snowy Plover Charadrius nivosus
Wih the split of Snowy Plover (Charadrius alexandrinus) into two species, the scientific names for the New World groups are changed to Charadrius nivosus nivosus for Snowy Plover (Snowy); and to Charadrius nivosus occidentalis for Snowy Plover (Peruvian).
Page 93, Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius
In Clements Checklist 6.5 the group Little Ringed Plover (Indian) included only Charadrius dubius jerdoni; Charadrius dubius dubius was left unassigned to a group. Nominate dubius belongs in the same group as jerdoni, so the names for this group are revised to Little Ringed Plover (Southern) and Charadrius dubius dubius/jerdoni.
Page 96, Subantarctic Snipe Coenocorypha aucklandica
Change the entry for Coenocorypha aucklandica ssp. to Coenocorypha aucklandica perseverance, and revise the range statement from "Undescribed form from Campbell Islands" to "Campbell Islands."
Reference:
Miskelly, C.M., and A.J. Baker. 2009. Description of a new subspecies of Coenocorypha snipe from subantarctic Campbell Island, New Zealand. Notornis 56: 113-123.
Page 102, Great Black-headed Gull Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus
In accord with modern usage (and to avoid confusion with Black-headed Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus), change the English name to Pallas's Gull.
References:
Beaman, M., and S. Madge. 1998. The handbook of bird identification for Europe and the western Palearctic. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.
Olsen, K. M., and H. Larsson. 2003. Gulls of North America, Europe, and Asia. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.
Page 106, Sandwich Tern Thalasseus sandvicensis
The English name for the group Thalasseus sandvicensis acuflavidus is changed from Sandwich Tern (acuflavidus) to Sandwich Tern (Cabot's).
Page 113, African Mourning Dove Streptopelia decipiens
To avoid confusion with the Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura) of North America, the English name of African Mourning Dove is revised to Mourning Collared-Dove.
Page 122, Pompadour Green-Pigeon Treron pompadora
The distinctive subspecies Treron pompadora affinis inadvertently was omitted from previous editions of Clements Checklist (this error dates back to the first edition to include subspecies, the fifth edition of 2000). The range of affinis is "W India (Western Ghats)." We also list this taxon as a group, Pompadour Green-Pigeon (Gray-fronted).
Page 136, Bluebonnet Northiella haematogaster
The scientific name of the group Bluebonnet (Yellow-vented) is corrected from Northiella haematogaster/pallescens to Northiella haematogaster haematogaster/pallescens, as described in the Clements Checklist 2010 Updates and Corrections.
Page 144, Sulphur-breasted Parakeet Aratinga pintoi
The Sulphur-breasted Parakeet was described as a new species, Aratinga pintoi, in 2005, and admitted to the Clements Checklist under that name. New research reveals that an older name (from 1776!), Aratinga maculata, applies to the same species; therefore, the scientific name for Sulphur-breasted Parakeet is changed to Aratinga maculata.
References:
SACC proposal 197
Page 149, Blue-headed Parrot Pionus menstruus
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Pionus menstruus rubrigularis/menstruus to Pionus menstruus menstruus/rubrigularis.
Page 150, Red-lored Parrot Amazona autumnalis
Change Amazona autumnalis lilicina/salvini to Amazona autumnalis lilacina/salvini, which both follows the rules of priority and corrects a typographic error.
Page 153, Pallid Cuckoo Cacomantis pallidus
Following the transfer of this species from the genus Cuculus to the genus Cacomantis, the positon of Pallid Cuckoo should be changed to follow Barred Long-tailed Cuckoo Cercococcyx montanus (as described in the Clements Checklist 6.5 Updates and Corrections).
Page 155, White-crowned Koel Cacomantis leucolophus
Following the transfer of this species from the genus Caliechthrus to the genus Cacomantis, the position of White-crowned Koel should be changed to follow Barred Long-tailed Cuckoo Cercococcyx montanus and Pallid Cuckoo Cacomantis pallidus (as described in the Clements Checklist 6.5 Updates and Corrections).
Page 161, Barn Owl Tyto alba
Since the group Barn Owl (Lesser Antilles) contains only two subspecies, the scientific name for the group is changed from Tyto alba [insularis Group] to Tyto alba insularis/nigrescens.
Page 171, Austral Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium nanum
In accord with SACC, based on an (unpublished?) communication from Normand David, the scientific name is changed from Glaucidium nanum to Glaucidium nana.
Page 176, Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus
The English name for the group Asio flammeus flammeus is changed from Short-eared Owl (flammeus) to Short-eared Owl (Northern).
Since the group Short-eared Owl (Antillean) contains only two subspecies, the scientific name for the group is changed from Asio flammeus [domingensis Group] to Asio flammeus domingensis/portoricensis.
Page 179, Nacunda Nighthawk Podager nacunda
In light of recent genetic research, the Nacunda Nighthawk is transferred from the genus Podager to the genus Chordeiles, as Chordeiles nacunda. It also then moves to a new position, at the head of the genus Chordeiles, immediately following Rufous-bellied Nighthawk Lurocalis rufiventris.
We anticipate that a number of other changes will be made within the next few years to the generic assignments of nightjars (especially of the New World species), and to the sequence of species.
Reference:
SACC proposal 467
Page 180, Band-winged Nightjar Caprimulgus longirostris
Revise the range of subspecies Caprimulgus longirostris mochaensis from "c Chile" to "Is. Mocha and Ascención, c Chile."
Page 207, Sapphire-vented Puffleg Eriocnemis luciani
A typographic error in the scientific name for the group Sapphire-vented Puffleg (Coppery-naped) is corrected: change Eriocnemis luciani sapphiropygia/cathatina to Eriocnemis luciani sapphiropygia/catharina.
Page 205, Collared Inca Coeligena torquata
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Coeligena torquata omissa/inca to Coeligena torquata inca/omissa.
Page 197, Canivet's Emerald Chlorostilbon canivetii
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Chlorostilbon canivetii osberti/salvini to Chlorostilbon canivetii salvini/osberti.
Page 198, Violet-crowned Woodnymph Thalurania colombica
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Thalurania colombica townsendi/venusta to Thalurania colombica venusta/townsendi.
Page 200, Buff-bellied Hummingbird Amazilia yucatanensis
Since the group Buff-bellied Hummingbird (Northern) contains only two subspecies, the scientific name for the group changes from Amazilia yucatanensis [chalconata Group] to Amazilia yucatanensis cerviniventris/chalconota.
Page 213, Amazonian Trogon Trogon ramonianus
Correct the range description for Trogon ramonianus crissalis from "N Amazonia, s Venezuela, the Guianas; se Amazonian Brazil" to "N Amazonia, s Venezuela, and se Amazonian Brazil."
Page 216, White-bellied Kingfisher Corythornis leucogaster
Genetic evidence reveals that nais, formerly classified as a subspecies of White-bellied Kingfisher Corythornis leucogaster, instead is a subspecies of Malachite Kingfisher (Corythornis cristatus). It is transferred to that species as Corythornis cristatus nais.
Reference:
Melo, M., and J. Fuchs. 2008. Phylogenetic relationships of the Gulf of Guinea Alcedo kingfishers. Ibis 150: 633-639.
Page 220, Micronesian Kingfisher Todiramphus cinnamominus
Subspecies Todiramphus cinnamominus miyakoensis is considered extinct, as it has not been recorded since 1887, when the only known specimen was collected.
Reference:
Greenway, J.C., Jr. 1958. Extinct and vanishing birds of the world. Special publication number 13. American Committee for International Wild Life Protection, New York, New York.
Page 221, Collared Kingfisher Todiramphus chloris
We follow Pratt el al. in transfering subspecies vitiensis, eximius, and regina from the Collared Kingfisher (Todiramphus chloris) to the Sacred Kingfisher (Todiramphus sanctus).
Reference:
Pratt, H.D., P.L. Bruner, and D.G. Berrett. 1987. A field guide to the birds of Hawaii and the tropical Pacific. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.
Page 220, Flat-billed Kingfisher Todiramphus recurvirostris
This species formerly was classified as a subspecies of Sacred Kingfisher (Todiramphus sanctus), and presumably is closely related to that species. We move it to a new position following Sacred Kingfisher.
Page 232, Rufous-tailed Jacamar Galbula ruficauda
Subspecies pallens previously was listed at the end of the list of subspecies of Rufous-tailed Jacamar; but as it belongs with the group Rufous-tailed Jacamar (Rufous-tailed), and not with the newly-created group Rufous-tailed Jacamar (Spot-tailed), pallens is moved to a new position immediately following Galbula ruficauda brevirostris.
Page 235, D'Arnaud's Barbet Trachyphonus darnaudii
A typographic error is corrected in the English name for the group Trachyphonus darnaudii darnaudii/boehmi: change D'Arnaud's Barbet (D'Arnoud's) to D'Arnaud's Barbet (D'Arnaud's).
Page 242, Collared Aracari Pteroglossus torquatus
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Pteroglossus torquatus sanguineus/erythropygius to Pteroglossus torquatus erythropygius/sanguineus.
Page 242, Ivory-billed Aracari Pteroglossus azara
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Pteroglossus azara flavirostris/azara to Pteroglossus azara azara/flavirostris.
Page 248, Golden-fronted Woodpecker Melanerpes aurifrons
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Melanerpes aurifrons [dubius Group] to Melanerpes aurifrons [santacruzi Group].
Page 252, Downy Woodpecker Picoides pubescens
The range statement for the group Downy Woodpecker (Rocky Mts.) Picoides pubescens leucurus/glacialis is deleted.
A typographic error is corrected in the scientific name for the group Downy Woodpecker (Pacific): change Picoides pubescens gairdenerii/turati to Picoides pubescens gairdnerii/turati.
Page 253, Hairy Woodpecker Picoides villosus
With the recognition of Picoides villosus extimus (see below), the range of Picoides villosus sanctorum is changed from "S Mexico (Chiapas) and Guatemala to w Panama" to "S Mexico (Chiapas) to Nicaragua."
Add one subspecies previously not recognized by Clements Checklist: Picoides villosus extimus, with range "Costa Rica and w Panama."
References:
Peters, J. L. 1948. Check-list of birds of the world. Volume VI. Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Jackson, Jerome A., Henri R. Ouellet and Bette J. Jackson. 2002. Hairy Woodpecker (Picoides villosus), The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, Ed.). Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna/species/702
Klicka, J., G. M. Spellman, K. Winker, Vi. Chua, and B. T. Smith. 2011. A phylogeographic and population genetic analysis of a widespread, sedentary North American bird: the Hairy Woodpecker (Picoides villosus). Auk 128: 346-362.
Page 275, Line-cheeked Spinetail Cranioleuca antisiensis
Delete Cranioleuca antisiensis furcata; this is a synonym of Cranioleuca curtata cisandina (Ash-browed Spinetail).
Reference:
Graves, G.R. 1986. The systematic status of Cranioleuca furcata Taczanowski (Furnariidae). Condor 88: 120-122.
Page 284, Spot-throated Woodcreeper Certhiasomus stictolaemus
We correct a sequencing error in the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet. Last year we correctly revised the scientific names of the species and the three subspecies of Spot-throated Woodcreeper, and we correctly positioned the entry for the species. But we "orphaned" the entries for the three subspecies, which remained in the old position (immediately following Long-tailed Woodcreeper Deconychura longicauda).
Page 285, Olivaceous Woodcreeper Sittasomus griseicapillus
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Sittasomus griseicapillus olivaceus/sylviellus to Sittasomus griseicapillus sylviellus/olivaceus.
Page 289, Greater Scythebill Drymotoxeres pucherani
In accord with SACC the scientific name is changed from Drymotoxeres pucherani to Drymotoxeres pucheranii.
Reference:
David, N., E.C. Dickinson, and S.M.S. Gregory. 2009. Contributions to a list of first reviser actions: ornithology. Zootaxa number 2085: 1-24.
Page 286, Black-banded Woodcreeper Dendrocolaptes picumnus
The group Black-banded Woodcreeper (Pale-billed) includes only two subspecies, so the scientific name is changed from Dendrocolaptes picumnus [pallescens Group] to Dendrocolaptes picumnus pallescens/casaresi.
Page 291, Barred Antshrike Thamnophilus doliatus
Correct the English name for the group Thamnophilus doliatus capistratus from Barred Antshrike (Caatanga) to Barred Antshrike (Caatinga).
Page 299, White-backed Fire-eye Pyriglena leuconota
Correct a typographic error in the range of subspecies Pyriglena leuconota castanoptera, and change "E Anden slope of s Colombia to e Ecuador and n Peru" to "E Andean slope of s Colombia to e Ecuador and n Peru."
Page 300, Black-headed Antbird Percnostola rufifrons
Although considered monotypic in Clements Checklist 6.5, the group Black-headed Antbird (Amazonas) is revised to contain two subspecies, minor and jensoni.
Similarly, although considered monotypic in Clements Checklist 6.5, the group Black-headed Antbird (Hellmayr's) is revised to contain two subspecies, rufifrons and subcristata.
Page 302, Scale-backed Antbird Willisornis poecilinotus
Several changes are made to the groups for this highly variable species:
The English name for the group Scale-backed Antbird (lepidonotus) is changed to
Scale-backed Antbird (Buff-breasted), and the scientific name for this group is changed from Willisornis poecilinotus lepidonotus to Willisornis poecilinotus lepidonotus/duidae (to reflect the addition of subspecies duidae to this group).
The English name for the group Willisornis poecilinotus gutturalis is changed from Scale-backed Antbird (gutturalis) to Scale-backed Antbird (Black-bibbed).
The English name for the group Willisornis poecilinotus griseiventris is changed from Scale-backed Antbird (griseiventris) to Scale-backed Antbird (Gray-breasted).
Page 303, Pale-faced Antbird Phlegopsis borbae
In accord with SACC, the English name is changed from Pale-faced Antbird to Pale-faced Bare-eye.
Reference:
SACC proposal 432
Page 303, Black-faced Antthrush Formicarius analis
A typographic error in the scientific name of the group Black-faced Antthrush (Mexican) is corrected: change Formicarius analis [monileger Group] to Formicarius analis [moniliger Group]. Similarly, correct the spelling of the subspecies Formicarius analis monileger to Formicarius analis moniliger.
Page 310, Paramo Tapaculo Scytalopus canus
Paramillo Tapaculo Scytalopus opacus
We inadvertently reversed the English names of these two species in the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet: the correct combinations are
Paramillo Tapaculo Scytalopus canus
Paramo Tapaculo Scytalopus opacus
Page 321, Southern Beardless-Tyrannulet Camptostoma obsoletum
Correct a typographic error in the scientific name for the group Southern Beardless-Tyrannulet (Northern): change Camptostoma obsoletum [pusillus Group] to Camptostoma obsoletum [pusillum Group].
Page 319, Greenish Elaenia Myiopagis viridicata
The scientific name for the group Greenish Elaenia (West Mexico) is changed from Myiopagis viridicata [jaliscensis Group] to Myiopagis viridicata minima/jaliscensis, since the group conisists of only two subspecies.
Page 319, Caribbean Elaenia Elaenia martinica
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Elaenia martinica [chinchorroensis Group] to Elaenia martinica [cinerascens Group].
Page 321, Sierran Elaenia Elaenia pallatangae
The group Sierran Elaenia (Roraiman) erroneously was listed as a monotypic group in the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet, but is corrected to a polytypic group consisting of two subspecies: Elaenia pallatangae olivina/davidwillardi.
Page 322, Straneck's Tyrannulet Serpophaga griseicapilla
The range statement for this species was omitted from the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet. It should read "Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay and S Brazil."
Page 318, Rough-legged Tyrannulet Phyllomyias burmeisteri
The group Rough-legged Tyrannulet (White-fronted) Phyllomyias burmeisteri [leucogenys Group] erroneously was considered monotypic in the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet, but is corrected to a polytypic group consisting of four subspecies. Also, correct the spelling of "leucogenys" to "leucogonys."
Page 327, White-bellied Tody-Tyrant Hemitriccus griseipectus
Subspecies naumburgae, previously classified as a subspecies of White-eyed Tody-Tyrant (Hemitriccus zosterops), instead belongs with White-bellied Tody-Tyrant (Hemitriccus griseipectus).
Reference:
Ridgely, R.S., and G. Tudor. 1994. The birds of South America. Volume II. The suboscine passerines. University of Texas Press, Austin, Texas.
Page 322, Handsome Flycatcher Nephelomyias pulcher
We correct a sequencing error in the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet. Last year we correctly revised the scientific names of the species and the three subspecies of Handsome Flycatcher, and we correctly positioned the entry for the species. But we inadvertently "orphaned" the entries for the three subspecies; these remained in the old position, immediately following Roraiman Flycatcher (Myiophobus roraimae).
Page 333, Euler's Flycatcher Lathrotriccus euleri
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Lathrotriccus euleri [lawrencei Group] to Lathrotriccus euleri [flaviventris Group].
Page 334, Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii
The Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet erroneously had a duplicate entry for subspecies Empidonax traillii traillii. The second entry for Empidonax traillii traillii (the one with no entry in the "English name" column) should be deleted.
Page 336, Black Phoebe Sayornis nigricans
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Sayornis nigricans angustirostris/latirostris to Sayornis nigricans latirostris/angustirostris.
Page 337. Slaty-backed Chat-Tyrant Ochthoeca cinnamomeiventris
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Ochthoeca cinnamomeiventris angustifasciata/thoracica to Ochthoeca cinnamomeiventris thoracica/angustifasciata.
Page 318, Thrush-like Schiffornis Schiffornis turdina
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Schiffornis turdina olivacea/wallacii to Schiffornis turdina wallacii/olivacea.
Page 585, Spotted Catbird Ailuroedus melanotis
Delete subspecies Ailuroedus melanotis maculosus of Spotted Catbird; this is the same taxon as Ailuroedus crassirostris maculosus, a subspecies of Green Catbird.
Page 516, Variegated Fairywren Malurus lamberti
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Malurus lamberti rogersi/dulcis to Malurus lamberti dulcis/rogersi.
Page 561, Yellow Honeyeater Lichenostomus flavus
Correct a typographic error in the range for subspecies Lichenostomus flavus addensus, and change "Coastal central Queensland (Burdekin Rover to about Sarina)" to "Coastal central Queensland (Burdekin River to about Sarina)."
Page 562, White-naped Honeyeater Melithreptus lunatus
An unusual typographic error crept into the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet, where the English name for the group Melithreptus lunatus chloropsis was listed as Melithreptus lunatus whitlocki. The correct English name is for the group is White-naped Honeyeater (Western).
Page 513, Australian Logrunner Orthonyx temminckii
Correct a minor typographic error in the range statement, and change "Upland rainforests of e Australia (Bunya Mts. To central NSW)" to "Upland rainforests of e Australia (Bunya Mts. to central NSW)."
Page addition (2010), Willard's Sooty Boubou Laniarius willardi
The range statement inadvertently was omitted from the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet for this newly described species; the range is "Albertine Rift in Burundi and Uganda."
Page 581, Black-faced Woodswallow Artamus cinereus
The scientific name for the group Black-faced Woodswallow (White-vented) is incorrect in the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet; the correct scientific name for the group is Artamus cinereus normani/dealbatus.
The scientific name for the group Black-faced Woodswallow (Black-vented) is incorrect in the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet; the correct scientific name for the group is Artamus cinereus [cinereus Group].
Page 582, Australasian Magpie Gymnorhina tibicen
Correct the spelling of the scientific name for the group Australasian Magpie (White-backed) from Gymnorhina tibicen telonucua/tyrannica to Gymnorhina tibicen telonocua/tyrannica. Similarly, change the spelling of the subspecies name Gymnorhina tibicen telonucua to Gymnorhina tibicen telonocua.
Page 523, Varied Sittella Daphoenositta chrysoptera
An extra trailing space is deleted after the English name for the group Varied Sittella (White-headed) Daphoenositta chrysoptera leucocephala in the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet.
Page 483, Mangrove Whistler Pachycephala grisola
The species name for the Mangrove Whistler is corrected to cinerea: Mangrove Whistler Pachycephala cinerea.
References:
Walters, M.P. 2003. Systematic notes on Asian Birds 39. The correct name for the Mangrove Whistler Pachycephala cinerea (Blyth). Zoologische Verhandeligen 344: 107-109.
Boles, W. 2007. Family Pachycephalidae (Whistlers). Pages 374-437 in J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D.A. Christie (editors), Handbook of the birds of the world. Volume12. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. [see discussion, pages 375-376]
Page 484, Gray Whistler Pachycephala simplex
Delete subspecies Pachycephala simplex peninsulae; this is the same taxon as Pachycephala griseiceps peninsulae of Gray-headed Whistler.
Page 570, Brown Shrike Lanius cristatus
Correct the English name for the group Lanius cristatus lucionensis from 'Brown Shrike (Phillippine)' to 'Brown Shrike (Philippine).'
Page 505, Black-headed Shrike-Babbler Pteruthius rufiventer
Subspecies delacouri cannot be distinguished from Pteruthius rufiventer rufiventer, and so no longer is recognized. The species becomes monotypic, and the range is revised to "Nepal to Bhutan, Assam, n Myanmar, Sichuan, nw Yunnan, nw Vietnam (Fansipan Mountain)."
Page 621, Mangrove Vireo Vireo pallens
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Vireo pallens semiflavus/ochraceus to Vireo pallens ochraceus/semiflavus.
Page 622, Plumbeous Vireo Vireo plumbeus
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Vireo plumbeus montanus/notius to Vireo plumbeus notius/montanus.
Page 624, Brown-headed Greenlet Hylophilus brunneiceps
Subspecies Hylophilus brunneiceps inornatus is transferred to Dusky-capped Greenlet (Hylophilus hypoxanthus). Consequently, Brown-headed Greenlet becomes monotypic.
Page 624, Dusky-capped Greenlet Hylophilus hypoxanthus
Subspecies Hylophilus brunneiceps inornatus (Brown-headed Greenlet) is transferred to Dusky-capped Greenlet. Revise the range of Hylophilus hypoxanthus albigula from "N Brazil south of the Amazon (Rio Purús to Rio Xingú)" to "Brazil south of the Amazon (Rio Purús to w bank of Rio Tapajós)."
Reference:
Ridgely, R.S., and G. Tudor. 1989. The birds of South America. Volume I. The oscine passerines. University of Texas Press, Austin, Texas.
Page 624, Tawny-crowned Greenlet Hylophilus ochraceiceps
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Hylophilus ochraceiceps lutescens/rubrifrons to Hylophilus ochraceiceps rubrifrons/lutescens.
Page 624, Lesser Greenlet Hylophilus decurtatus
Correct a typographic error, and change Hylophilus decurtatus decurtatus/dariensis to Hylophilus decurtatus decurtatus/darienensis.
Page 625, Rufous-browed Peppershrike Cyclarhis gujanensis
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Cyclarhis gujanensis cearensis/viridis to Cyclarhis gujanensis viridis/cearensis.
Page 474, Kaui Elepaio Chasiempis sclateri
A typographic error in the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet is corrected: change Kaui Elepaio to Kauai Elepaio.
Page 476, Spectacled Monarch Symposiachrus trivirgatus
Delete subspecies Symposiachrus trivirgatus boanensis; this is the same taxon as Black-chinned Monarch (Monarcha boanensis).
Page 587, Steller's Jay Cyanocitta stelleri
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Cyanocitta stelleri [macrolopha Group] to Cyanocitta stelleri [diademata Group].
Page 589, Mexican Jay Aphelocoma ultramarina (now Aphelocoma wollweberi)
Following the split of Mexican Jay into two species (see above), the former polytypic group Mexican Jay (Couch's) Aphelocoma ultramarina couchii/potosina is split into two monotypic groups:
Mexican Jay (Couch's) Aphelocoma wollweberi couchii
Mexican Jay (San Luis Potosi) Aphelocoma wollweberi potosina
Page 700, Banggai Crow Corvus unicolor
The Banggai Crow previously was known only from two specimens collected before 1900; the origin of these specimens was uncertain, but was believed to be the Banggai Islands. The crow had not been reported since, and was listed in Clements Checklist as extinct. Recently it was rediscovered, and confirmed to occur on Peleng Island, in the Banggai Islands, Indonesia.
References:
Indrawan, M., Y. Masala, D. Dwiputra, F.N. Mallo, A. Maleso, A. Salim, F. Masala, I. Tinulele, L. Pesik, D.S. Katiandagho, and Sunosol. 2010. Rediscovery of the critically endangered Banggai Crow on Peleng Island, Indonesia, part 1: ecology. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 130: 154-165.
Mallo, F.N., D.D. Putra, P. C. Rasmussen, Herlina, S. Somadikarta, M. Indrawan, Darjono, I.N. Mallo, P. Sweet, A. Rahman, W. Raharjaningtrah, Y. Masala, and P. Verbelen. 2010. Rediscovery of the critically endangered Banggai Crow on Peleng Island, Indonesia, part 2: taxonomy. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 130: 166-180.
Page 593, Slender-billed Crow Corvus enca
Revise the range of Corvus enca celebensis to "Sulawesi, Talaud Is., Togian Is. and Tukangbesi Is.; population in the Banggai Is. probably this subspecies (but possibly is Corvus enca mangoli)."
Reference:
Mallo, F.N., D.D. Putra, P.C. Rasmussen, Herlina, S. Somadikarta, M. Indrawan, Darjono, I.N. Mallo, P. Sweet, A. Rahman, W. Raharjaningtrah, Y. Masala, and P. Verbelen. 2010. Rediscovery of the critically endangered Banggai Crow on Peleng Island, Indonesia, part 2: taxonomy. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 130: 166-180.
Page 480, New Zealand Robin Petroica australis
Revise the group New Zealand Robin (South Island) to include subspecies raikura; the scientific name for the group becomes Petroica australis australis/rakiura.
Page 495, Rufous Rockjumper Chaetops frenatus
To conform to modern local usage, the English name of Rufous Rockjumper is changed to Cape Rockjumper.
Page 495, Orange-breasted Rockjumper Chaetops aurantius
To conform to modern local usage, the English name of Orange-breasted Rockjumper is changed to Drakensberg Rockjumper.
Page 350, Ferruginous Lark Calendulauda burra
In accord with prevailing usage by almost all other authorities, change the English name from Ferruginous Lark to Red Lark. Red Lark in fact was the name used in the first edition of the Clements Checklist (1974), although all subsequent editions adopted the less common name Ferruginous Lark.
Page 354, Horned Lark Eremophila alpestris
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Eremophila alpestris [arcticola Group] to Eremophila alpestris [leucolaema Group].
Page 360, White-thighed Swallow Atticora tibialis
Revise the range of Atticora tibialis minima from "Extreme e Panama (Darién) to w Colombia and w Ecuador" to "Central Panama to w Colombia and w Ecuador."
Page 361, Rock Martin Ptyonoprogne fuligula
The species name was listed incorrectly in the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet for most members of the group Rock Martin (Pale Crag-Martin) Ptyonoprogne fuligula [obsoleta Group]; the correct names are:
Ptyonoprogne fuligula presaharica
Ptyonoprogne fuligula spatzi
Ptyonoprogne fuligula buchanani
Ptyonoprogne fuligula obsoleta
Ptyonoprogne fuligula perpallida
Ptyonoprogne fuligula pallida
Ptyonoprogne fuligula arabica
Page 360, Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica
Change the English name for the group Hirundo rustica rustica from Barn Swallow (rustica) to Barn Swallow (White-bellied), to reflect its most distinctive feature. Also, delete the overarching group Barn Swallow (Eurasian) Hirundo rustica [rustica Group].
Expand the monotypic group Barn Swallow (gutturalis) Hirundo rustica gutturalis to a polytypic group, Hirundo rustica gutturalis/mandschurica, and change the English name to Barn Swallow (Buff-bellied).
Page 362, Cave Swallow Petrochelidon fulva
Delete the range statement on the line in the spreadsheet for the group Cave Swallow (Caribbean) Petrochelidon fulva [fulva Group].
Page 514, Long-tailed Tit Aegithalos caudatus
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Aegithalos caudatus [irbii Group] to Aegithalos caudatus [alpinus Group]; and change Long-tailed Tit (irbii) to Long-tailed Tit (alpinus).
Page 531, Yellow-billed Nuthatch Sitta solangiae
Revise the range of Sitta solangiae fortiori from "S-central Laos (Langbian Plateau)" to "S Vietnam (Langbian Plateau) and adjacent Laos (Bolavens Plateau)."
Page 389, Rufous-naped Wren Campylorhynchus rufinucha
The scientific name of the group Rufous-naped Wren (West Mexico) is changed from Campylorhynchus rufinucha [humilis Group] to Campylorhynchus rufinucha humilis/nigricaudatus, since only two subspecies are involved.
Page 390, Rock Wren Salpinctes obsoletus
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Salpinctes obsoletus [fasciatus Group] to Salpinctes obsoletus [guttatus Group].
Page 391, Speckle-breasted Wren Pheugopedius sclateri
Revise the range for Pheugopedius sclateri paucimaculatus from "Tropical w Ecuador (Manabí to Loja)" to "sw Ecuador, nw Peru."
Revise the range for Pheugopedius sclateri sclateri from "S Ecuador and adjacent n Peru (Cajamarca" to "Marañón drainage in extreme s Ecuador and n Peru."
Pge 392, Carolina Wren Thryothorus ludovicianus
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Thryothorus ludovicianus [lomitensis Group] to Thryothorus ludovicianus [berlandieri Group].
Page 393. Bewick's Wren Thryomanes bewickii
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Thryomanes bewickii [drymoecus Group] to Thryomanes bewickii [spilurus Group].
Page 395, Sedge Wren Cistothorus platensis
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Cistothorus platensis [tinnulus Group] to Cistothorus platensis [elegans Group].
The scientific name of the group Sedge Wren (platensis Group) is changed from Cistothorus platensis [platensis Group] to Cistothorus platensis platensis/homensis, since only two subspecies are involved.
Page 445, Blue-gray Gnatcatcher Polioptila caerulea
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Polioptila caerulea [amoenissima Group] to Polioptila caerulea [obscura Group].
Pages 375-385, Bulbuls Pycnonotidae
Recent genetic evidence reveals a fundamental division within the bulbuls, between a radiation that is confined to Africa, and a radiation that is centered on Asia but which also includes one genus (Pycnonotus) that has spread to Africa. Additional research demonstrates, again from genetic evidence, that many species of bulbuls need to be assigned to different (and in some cases new) genera; this affects both the African and Asian radiations, but the changes are particularly extensive in the African species. Therefore, we introduce several new genera, and reorder the sequence of genera and species throughout the bulbuls. The new sequence of genera in bulbuls is:
Andropadus
Stelgidillas newly recognized genus
Calyptocichla
Neolestes
Bleda
Arizelocichla newly recognized genus
Chlorocichla
Baeopogon
Atimastillas newly recognized genus
Ixonotus
Thescelocichla
Criniger
Eurillas newly recognized genus
Phyllastrephus
Spizixos
Pycnonotus
Tricholestes
Setornis
Alophoixus
Iole
Hypsipetes
Hemixos
Ixos
Finally, there is growing evidence that not all species currently assigned to Pycnonotus belong in this genus. We expect that there will be additional research in the next few years that focuses on this issue. For now, therefore, we refrain from making extensive changes to Pycnonotus; but we take this opportunity to group together, at the beginning of the genus, five species that are likely to be removed from Pycnonotus at a future date:
Black-and-white Bulbul Pycnonotus melanoleucus
Puff-backed Bulbul Pycnonotus eutilotus
Black-headed Bulbul Pycnonotus atriceps
Andaman Bulbul Pycnonotus fuscoflavescens
Yellow-wattled Bulbul Pycnonotus urostictus
Further details on rearrangements in bulbuls are presented below; see also the species splits listed above.
References:
Johansson, U.S., J. Fjeldså, L.G.S. Lokugalappatti, and R. C.K. Bowie. 2007, A nuclear DNA phylogeny and proposed taxonomic revision of African greenbuls (Aves, Passeriformes, Pycnonotidae), Zoologica Scripta 36: 417-427.
Moyle, R. G., and B. D. Marks. 2006. Phylogenetic relationships of the bulbuls (Aves: Pycnonotidae) based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequence data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 40: 687–695.
Oliveros, C. H., and R.G. Moyle. 2010. Origin and diversification of Philippine bulbuls. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54: 822–832.
Zuccon, D., and P.G.P. Ericson. 2010. The phylogenetic position of the Black-collared Bulbul Neolestes torquatus. Ibis 152: 386-392.
Page 379, Slender-billed Greenbul Andropadus gracilirostris
The Slender-billed Greenbill is moved from Andropadus to the genus Stelgidillas.
Pages 378-379, Cameroon Mountain Greenbul Andropadus montanus
Shelley's Greenbul Andropadus masukuensis
Western Mountain-Greenbul Andropadus tephrolaemus
Eastern Mountain-Greenbul Andropadus nigriceps
Stripe-cheeked Greenbul Andropadus milanjensis
These five species all are transferred from the genus Andropadus to the genus Arizelocichla.
Page 380, Yellow-throated Greenbul Chlorocichla flavicollis
The Yellow-throated Greenbul is moved from Chlorocichla to the genus Atimastillas.
Page 379, Gray Greenbul Andropadus gracilis
Ansorge's Greenbul Andropadus ansorgei
Plain Greenbul Andropadus curvirostris
Yellow-whiskered Greenbul Andropadus latirostris
Little Greenbul Andropadus virens
These five species all are transferred from the genus Andropadus to the genus Eurillas.
Page 381, Yellow-streaked Bulbul Phyllastrephus flavostriatus
The English name is changed from Yellow-streaked Bulbul to Yellow-streaked Greenbul. No other member of the genus Phyllstrasphus is called a "bulbul," indeed apart from a few species of Pycnonotus, no other African species are called "bulbul."
Page 383, Sulphur-bellied Bulbul Ixos palawanensis
The Sulphur-bellied Bulbul is transferred from the genus Ixos to the genus Iole.
Reference:
Oliveros, C. H., and R.G. Moyle. 2010. Origin and diversification of Philippine bulbuls. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54: 822–832.
Page 384, Comoro Bulbul Hypsipetes parvirostris
The English name of this species is changed to Grand Comoro Bulbul, to reflect that it is endemic to this island.
Page 383, Brown-eared Bulbul Ixos amaurotis
Brown-eared Bulbul is transferred from the genus Ixos to the genus Hypsipetes.
Reference:
Oliveros, C. H., and R.G. Moyle. 2010. Origin and diversification of Philippine bulbuls. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54: 822–832.
Page 383, Zamboanga Bulbul Ixos rufigularis
Zamboanga Bulbul is transferred from the genus Ixos to the genus Hypsipetes.
Reference:
Oliveros, C. H., and R.G. Moyle. 2010. Origin and diversification of Philippine bulbuls. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54: 822–832.
Page 383, Yellowish Bulbul Ixos everetti
Yellowish Bulbul is transferred from the genus Ixos to the genus Hypsipetes.
Reference:
Oliveros, C. H., and R.G. Moyle. 2010. Origin and diversification of Philippine bulbuls. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54: 822–832.
Page 383, Streak-breasted Bulbul Ixos siquijorensis
Streak-breasted Bulbul is transferred from the genus Ixos to the genus Hypsipetes. Also, subspecies monticola formerly was considered to be extinct, but there are recent sightings.
References:
Fishpool, L.D.C., and J.A. Tobias. 2005. Family Pycnontidae (Bulbuls). Pages 124-250 in J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D.A. Christie (editors), Handbook of the birds of the world. Volume 10. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
Oliveros, C. H., and R.G. Moyle. 2010. Origin and diversification of Philippine bulbuls. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54: 822–832.
Page 383, Philippine Bulbul Ixos philippinus
Philippine Bulbul is transferred from the genus Ixos to the genus Hypsipetes. Two subspecies of Philippine Bulbul also are elevated to species rank; see above.
Reference:
Oliveros, C. H., and R.G. Moyle. 2010. Origin and diversification of Philippine bulbuls. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54: 822–832.
Further notes on Bush-Warblers and Allies (Cettiidae)
As noted above, three genera (Erythrocercus, Scotocerca, and Hemitesia are added to the Bush-Warblers and Allies (Cettidae). Additionally, the sequence of genera in the family is revised. The current sequence is listed below, but is only provisional. There is ample evidence that most species currently assigned to the genus Cettia are not closely related to the Cetti's Warbler (Cettia cetti), and so we anticipate that Cettia will be split into two or more genera at a future date.
The current sequence of genera of Cettiidae is
Erythrocercus
Scotocerca
Hemitesia
Urosphena
Tesia
Abroscopus
Phyllergates
Tickellia
Cettia
References:
Irestedt, M., M. Gelang, G. Sangster, U. Olsson, P.G.P. Ericson, and P. Alström. 2011. Neumann’s Warbler Hemitesia neumanni (Sylvioidea): the sole African member of a Palaeotropic Miocene avifauna. Ibis 153: 78-86.
Alström, P., J. Fjeldså, S. Fregin, and U. Olsson. 2011. Gross morphology betrays phylogeny: the Scrub Warbler Scotocerca inquieta is not a cisticolid. Ibis 153: 87–97.
Page 437, Dusky Warbler Phylloscopus fuscatus
Genetic evidence demonstrates that subspecies Phylloscopus fuscatus weigoldi belongs with Smoky Warbler (Phylloscopus fuligiventer) instead of with Dusky Warbler.
Reference:
Martens, J., Y-H. Sun, and M. Päckert. 2008. Intraspecific differentiation of Sino-Himalayan bush-dwelling Phylloscopus leaf warblers, with description of two new taxa (P. fuscatus, P. fuligiventer, P. affinis, P. armandii, P. subaffinis). Vertebrate Zoology 58: 233-265.
Page 437, Tickell's Leaf-Warbler Phylloscopus affinis
Previously treated as monotypic, but we now add a recently described subspecies. The two subspecies are
Phylloscopus affinis perflavus, with range "e Himalayas; w Himalayas; winter range not known (overlaps with nominate affinis?)."
Phylloscopus affinis affinis, with range "e Himalayas; winters to Myanmar, Thailand."
References:
Martens, J., Y-H. Sun, and M. Päckert. 2008. Intraspecific differentiation of Sino-Himalayan bush-dwelling Phylloscopus leaf warblers, with description of two new taxa (P. fuscatus, P. fuligiventer, P. affinis, P. armandii, P. subaffinis). Vertebrate Zoology 58: 233-265.
Pilgrim, J. D., T. P. Inskipp, and N. J. Collar. 2009. Species-level changes suggested for Asian birds, 2007-2008. BirdingAsia number 12: 18-35.
Page (addition), Arctic Warbler Phylloscopus borealis
Subspecies examinandus is added (as a subspecies, and as a monotypic group), with range "Incompletely known. Breeds s Kamchatka, Sakhalin, Kurile Is, ne Hokkaido; winters at least to Indonesia." Previously this subspecies was omitted from Clements Checklist, as it was considered to be a synonym of Phylloscopus borealis xanthodryas.
The range of subspecies xanthodryas is revised to "Incompletely known. Breeds Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); winters range uncertain."
Reference:
Alström, P., T. Saitoh, D. Williams, I. Nishiumi, Y. Shigeta, K. Ueda, M. Irestedt, M. Björklund, and U. Olsson. 2011. The Arctic Warbler Phylloscopus borealis – three anciently separated cryptic species revealed. Ibis 153: 395–410.
Page 438, Blyth's Leaf-Warbler Phylloscopus reguloides
Subspecies kasmiriensis is merged with nominate reguloides. Revise the range of reguloides to "Himalayas of n India to Nepal, s Tibet and s China (sw Sichuan)."
Reference:
Olsson, U., P. Alström, P.G.P. Ericson, and P. Sundberg. 2005. Non-monophyletic taxa and cryptic species - evidence from a molecular phylogeny of leaf-warblers (Phylloscopus, Aves). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 36: 261–276.
Page 440, Gray-hooded Warbler Seicercus xanthoschistos:
Genetic evidence reveals that the Gray-hooded Warbler is a member of Phylloscopus, not Seicercus.
Reference:
Olsson, U., P. Alström, P.G.P. Ericson, and P. Sundberg. 2005. Non-monophyletic taxa and cryptic species - evidence from a molecular phylogeny of leaf-warblers (Phylloscopus, Aves). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 36: 261–276.
Page 430, Large-billed Reed-Warbler Acrocephalus orinus
Revise the range to "Breeds se Kazakhstan, ne Afghanistan; winters Myanmar, Thailand; long known only from one 1867 specimen from n India, distribution still poorly known."
Reference:
Svensson, L., R. Prŷs-Jones, P.C. Rasmussen, and U. Olsson. 2010. The identification and distribution of the enigmatic Large-billed Reed Warbler Acrocephalus orinus. Ibis 152: 323-334.
Pages 426-428, genus Bradypterus
The English names of most African members of the genus are changed, to be more in line with current nomenclature for African birds. The changes are:
African Bush-Warbler (Bradypterus baboecala) becomes Little Rush-Warbler
Ja River Scrub-Warbler (Bradypterus grandis) becomes Dja River Swamp-Warbler
White-winged Scrub-Warbler (Bradypterus carpalis) becomes White-winged Swamp-Warbler
Grauer's Scrub-Warbler (Bradypterus graueri) becomes Grauer's Swamp-Warbler
Bamboo Scrub-Warbler (Bradypterus alfredi) becomes Bamboo Warbler
Knysna Scrub-Warbler (Bradypterus sylvaticus) becomes Knysna Warbler
Cameroon Scrub-Warbler (Bradypterus lopezi) becomes Evergreen-forest Warbler
Bangwa Scrub-Warbler (Bradypterus bangwaensis) becomes Bangwa Warbler
African Scrub-Warbler (Bradypterus barratti) becomes Barratt’s Warbler
Bradypterus cinnamomeus remains as Cinnamon Bracken-Warbler
Page 428, Brown Bush-Warbler Bradypterus luteoventris
Subspecies ticehursti is merged with nominate luteoventris, and the species becomes monotypic.
Reference:
Dickinson, E.C., P.C. Rasmussen, P.D. Round, and F.G. Rozendaal. 2000. Systematic notes on Asian birds. 1. A review of the russet bush-warbler Bradypterus seebohmi (Ogilvie-Grant, 1895). Zoologische Verhandelingen number 331: 11-64.
Page 443, Wrentit Chamaea fasciata
Last year we announced that the Wrentit should be moved to the Sylviidae, but we failed to implement this change properly in the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet: the correct position is following White-browed Chinese Warbler (Rhopophilus pekinensis).
Page 549, Black-capped Speirops Speirops lugubris
Cameroon Speirops Speirops melanocephalus
Fernando Po Speirops Speirops brunneus
Principe Speirops Speirops leucophoeus
Recent genetic evidence (phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequence data) reveals that all four species of Speirops belong in the white-eye genus Zosterops. The following changes are made:
Position Cameroon Speirops Speirops melanocephalus immediately following African Yellow White-eye Zosterops senegalensis, and change the scientific name to Zosterops melanocephalus.
Position Fernando Po Speirops Speirops brunneus immediately following African Yellow White-eye Zosterops senegalensis and Cameroon Speirops Zosterops melanocephalus, and change the scientific name to Zosterops brunneus.
Position Black-capped Speirops Speirops lugubris immediately following Comoro White-eye Zosterops mouroniensis, and change the scientific name to Zosterops lugubris.
Position Principe Speirops Speirops leucophoeus immediately following Comoro White-eye Zosterops mouroniensis and Black-capped Speirops Zosterops lugubris, and change the scientific name to Zosterops leucophoeus.
Reference:
Melo, M., B.H. Warren, and P.J. Jones. 2011. Rapid parallel evolution of aberrant traits in the
diversification of the Gulf of Guinea white-eyes (Aves, Zosteropidae). Molecular Ecology. Published online 21 May 2011. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05099.x
Page 551, Bridled White-eye Zosterops conspicillatus
Correct the range of Zosterops conspicillatus saypani from "SE Mariana Is. (Tinian, Agiguan and Saipan)" to "N Mariana Is. (Tinian, Agiguan and Saipan)."
Page 700, Robust White-eye Zosterops strenurus
Correct a typographic error (introduced in the Clements Checklist 6.3 spreadsheet), and change the scientific name from Zosterops stenurus to Zosterops strenuus.
Page 554, Silver-eye Zosterops lateralis
Delete subspecies Zosterops lateralis tephropleurus (Silver-eye). This is the same taxon as Zosterops tephropleurus (Lord Howe White-eye).
Page 498, Large Wren-Babbler Turdinus macrodactyla
Correct the spelling of the scientific name of the species from Turdinus macrodactyla to Turdinus macrodactylus. The subspecies name beauforti does not change, but the two other subspecies names also are corrected: Turdinus macrodactyla macrodactyla to Turdinus macrodactylus macrodactyus, and Turdinus macrodactyla lepidopleura to Turdinus macrodactylus lepidopleurus.
Page 498, Marbled Wren-Babbler Turdinus marmorata
Correct the spelling of the scientific name of the species from Turdinus marmorata to Turdinus marmoratus. The subspecies name grandiori does not change, but the name of the nominate subspecies also is corrected: Turdinus marmorata marmorata to Turdinus marmoratus marmoratus.
Page 506, White-hooded Babbler Gampsorhynchus rufulus
Subspecies Gampsorhynchus rufulus saturatior should be transferred to Gampsorhynchus torquatus (thus leaving White-hooded Babbler Gampsorhynchus rufulus as monotypic); we failed to implement this change in the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet.
Page 498, Luzon Wren-Babbler Robsonius rabori
Change the English name of Robsonius rabori to Rusty-faced Babbler; we failed to implement this change to the English name in the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet.
Also, subspecies Robsonius rabori mesoluzonica should be transferred to Robsonius sorsogonensis (thus leaving Luzon Wren-Babbler Robsonius rabori as monotypic); we failed to implement this change in the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet.
Page 497, Long-billed Wren-Babbler Rimator malacoptilus
Add the missing range statement: "E Himalayas (Sikkim to e Assam and ne Myanmar)."
Page 505, Chinese Babax Babax lanceolatus
Correct the English name of the group Babax lanceolatus woodi from Chinese Bubax (Mount Victoria) to Chinese Babax (Mount Victoria).
Page 489, Rufous-crowned Laughinghrush Garrulax ruficeps
Correct the English name from Rufous-crowned Laughinghrush to Rufous-crowned Laughingthrush.
Page 490, Gray Laughingthrush Garrulax maesi
With the split of Gray Laughingthrush into two species, as implemented in the Clements Checklist 6.5 Updates and Corrections, subspecies Garrulax maesi varennei also should be transferred to Rufous-cheeked Laughingthrush Garrulax castanotis; we failed to implement this change in the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet.
Page 490, Yellow-throated Laughingthrush Garrulax galbanus
With the split of Yellow-throated Laughingthrush into two species, as implemented in the Clements Checklist 6.5 Updates and Corrections, subspecies Garrulax galbanus simaoensis also should be transferred to Blue-crowned Laughingthrush Garrulax courtoisi. Consequently Garrulax galbanus becomes monotypic.
Page 491, Rusty Laughingthrush Garrulax poecilorhynchus
With the split of Rusty Laughingthrush into two species, as implemented in the Clements Checklist 6.5 Updates and Corrections, subspecies Garrulax poecilorhynchus ricinus should have been transferred to Buffy Laughingthrush Garrulax berthemyi. This now is something of a moot point, however, as ricinus no longer is recognized as a subspecies. Consequently, both Rusty Laughingthrush and Buffy Laughingthrush become monotyic. Revise the range of Buffy Laughingthrush to "Mountains of se China (nw Yunnan, Gansu and s Sichuan e to Anhui, Zhejiang, and nw Fujian)."
Reference:
Collar, N. J., and C. Robson. 2007. Family Timaliidae (babblers). Pages 70-291 in J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D.A. Christie (editors), Handbook of the birds of the world. Volume12. Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
Page 505, Vietnamese Cutia Cutia legalleni
A typographic error in the Clements Checklist spreadsheet 6.5 is corrected: the scientific name should be Cutia legalleni, not Cutua legalleni.
Page 500, Rufous-fronted Babbler Stachyris rufifrons
Rufous-capped Babbler Stachyris ruficeps
Black-chinned Babbler Stachyris pyrrhops
Golden Babbler Stachyris chrysaea
Recent genetic evidence reveals that the genus Stachyris contained many unrelated species; as noted elsewhere in these Updates and Corrections, several species formerly assigned to Stachyris have been removed not only from the genus, but from the family of Babblers (Timaliidae) to the family of Yuhinas, White-eyes, and Allies (Zosteropidae). Even within the species that remain in the Babblers, Stachyris must be split into two genera. The species listed above all are transferred to the genus Stachyridopsis.
References:
Cibois, A. 2003. Mitochondrial DNA phylogeny of babblers (Timaliidae). Auk 120: 35-54.
Collar, N.J., and C. Robson. 2007. Family Timaliidae (babblers). Pages 70-291 in J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D.A. Christie (editors), Handbook of the birds of the world. Volume12. Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
Gelang, M., A. Cibois, E. Pasquet, U. Olsson, P. Alström and P.G.P. Ericson. 2009. Phylogeny of babblers (Aves, Passeriformes): major lineages, family limits and classification. Zoologica Scripta 38: 225-236.
Page 502, Gray-cheeked Tit-Babbler Macronous flavicollis
Subspecies Macronous flavicollis javanicus deleted. This is the same taxon as what now is known as Macronous bornensis javanicus (a subspecies of Bold-striped Tit-Babbler).
Page 502, Visayan Tit-Babbler Micromacronus leytensis
Change the English name from Visayan Tit-Babbler to Visayan Miniature-Babbler; this change should have been introduced in the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet.
Pages 446-466, Old World Flycatchers (Muscicapidae)
As is detailed above, several genera are transferred from the Thrushes (Turdidae) to the Old World Flycatchers (Muscicapidae). Additionally, the sequence of genera of the Old World Flycatchers is revised. The new sequence of genera is
Empidornis
Bradornis
Melaenornis
Fraseria
Sigelus
Muscicapa
Myioparus
Humblotia
Alethe
Cercotrichas
Namibornis
Copsychus
Anthipes
Cyornis
Niltava
Muscicapella
Cyanoptila
Eumyias
Cossyphicula
Cossypha
Xenocopsychus
Cichladusa
Erithacus
Pogonocichla
Swynnertonia
Pseudalethe
Stiphrornis
Sheppardia
Vauriella
Heinrichia
Brachypteryx
Larvivora
Irania
Luscinia
Myophonus
Enicurus
Calliope
Cinclidium
Grandala coelicolor
Tarsiger
Ficedula
Phoenicurus
Monticola
Saxicola
Pinarornis
Myrmecocichla
Thamnolaea
Cercomela
Oenanthe
Reference:
Sangster, G., P. Alström, E. Forsmark, and U. Olsson. 2010. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 380–392
Page 447, African Gray Flycatcher Bradornis microrhynchus
To avoid confusion with Gray Flycatcher (Empidonax wrightii) of North America, the English name of African Gray Flycatcher (Bradornis microrhynchus) is changed to Grayish Flycatcher.
Page 449, African Dusky Flycatcher Muscicapa adusta
To avoid confusion with Dusky Flycatcher (Empidonax oberholseri) of North America, the English name of African Dusky Flycatcher (Muscicapa adusta) is changed to Dusky-brown Flycatcher.
Page 449, Little Gray Flycatcher Muscicapa epulata
To avoid confusion with Gray Flycatcher (Empidonax wrightii) of North America, the English name of Little Gray Flycatcher (Muscicapa epulata) is changed to Little Flycatcher.
Pages 458-459, scrub-robins Cercotrichas spp.
We also revise the sequence of species within the genus Cercotrichas (scrub-robins).
Reference:
Sangster, G., P. Alström, E. Forsmark, and U. Olsson. 2010. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 380–392.
Page 460, Indian Robin Saxicoloides fulicatus
The genus Saxicoloides is merged with the genus Copsychus; the scientific name of the Indian Robin is changed from Saxilcoloides fulicatus to Copsychus fulicatus. Furthermore, the sequence of species in the genus Copsychus is revised.
Reference:
Sangster, G., P. Alström, E. Forsmark, and U. Olsson. 2010. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 380–392.
Page 460, Rufous-tailed Shama Copsychus pyrropygus
The genus Trichixos is merged with the genus Copsychus; the scientific name of the Rufous-tailed Shama is changed from Trichixos pyrropygus to Copsychus pyrropygus.
Reference:
Sangster, G., P. Alström, E. Forsmark, and U. Olsson. 2010. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 380–392.
Page 451, White-gorgeted Flycatcher Ficedula monileger
The White-gorgeted Flycatcher (Ficedula monileger) is transferred to the genus Anthipes.
References:
Outlaw, D.C., and G. Voelker. 2006. Systematics of Ficedula flycatchers (Muscicapidae): A molecular reassessment of a taxonomic enigma. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 41: 118–126.
Sangster, G., P. Alström, E. Forsmark, and U. Olsson. 2010. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 380–392.
Page 451, Rufous-browed Flycatcher Ficedula solitaris
The Rufous-browed Flycatcher (Ficedula solitaris) is transferred to the genus Anthipes.
References:
Outlaw, D.C., and G. Voelker. 2006. Systematics of Ficedula flycatchers (Muscicapidae): A molecular reassessment of a taxonomic enigma. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 41: 118–126.
Sangster, G., P. Alström, E. Forsmark, and U. Olsson. 2010. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 380–392.
Pages 447-448, Brown-chested Jungle-Flycatcher Rhinomyias brunneatus
Gray-chested Jungle-Flycatcher Rhinomyias umbratilis
Fulvous-chested Jungle-Flycatcher Rhinomyias olivaceus
Flores Jungle-Flycatcher Rhinomyias oscillans
Chestnut-tailed Jungle-Flycatcher Rhinomyias ruficauda
Henna-tailed Jungle-Flycatcher Rhinomyias colonus
These six species all are transferred from the genus Rhinomyias to Cyornis. Note that the Brown-chested Jungle-Flycatcher also now is monotypic, following the elevation of subspecies nicobaricus to species rank (see above).
Reference:
Sangster, G., P. Alström, E. Forsmark, and U. Olsson. 2010. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 380–392.
Page 447, Buru Jungle-Flycatcher Rhinomyias additus
The Buru Jungle-Flycatcher is transferred from the genus Rhinomyias to Eumyias. Reference:
Sangster, G., P. Alström, E. Forsmark, and U. Olsson. 2010. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 380–392.
Page 448, Eyebrowed Jungle-Flycatcher Rhinomyias gularis
Rusty-flanked Jungle-Flycatcher Rhinomyias insignis
Negros Jungle-Flycatcher Rhinomyias albigularis
Mindanao Jungle-Flycatcher Rhinomyias goodfellowi
These four species all are transferred from the genus Rhinomyias to the genus Vauriella.
Reference:
Sangster, G., P. Alström, E. Forsmark, and U. Olsson. 2010. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 380–392.
Page 456, Rufous-tailed Robin Luscinia sibilans
Rufous-headed Robin Luscinia ruficeps
Japanese Robin Luscinia akahige
Ryukyu Robin Luscinia komadori
Indian Blue Robin Luscinia brunnea
Siberian Blue Robin Luscinia cyane
The species of Luscinia now are separated into four different genera. These six species all are transferred from Luscinia to the genus Larvivora.
Reference:
Sangster, G., P. Alström, E. Forsmark, and U. Olsson. 2010. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 380–392.
Page 461, White-bellied Redstart Hodgsonius phaenicuroides
The White-bellied Redstart is transferred to Luscinia; the scientific name of the White-bellied Redstart becomes Luscinia phaenicuroides.
Reference:
Sangster, G., P. Alström, E. Forsmark, and U. Olsson. 2010. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 380–392.
Page 456, Bluethroat Luscinia svecica
Subspecies Luscinia svecica volgae inadvertently was placed within the group Bluethroat (White-spotted) Luscinia svecica cyanecula/namnetum; although some authors consider volgae to be an integrade between the White-spotted and Red-spotted groups, we provisionally place it with the Red-spotted group.
We also add, as a subspecies and as a group (monotypic) Luscinia svecica azuricollis Bluethroat (Iberian). This subspecies had been overlooked in most literature on Bluethroats, but appears to represent a distinct population, with range "N Spain."
Subspecies Luscinia svecica namnetum inadvertently was placed within the group Bluethroat (Red-spotted), although of course it belongs to White-spotted group (the scientific name for which is Luscinia svecica cyanecula/namnetum!).
References:
Johnsen, A., S. Andersson, J. Garcia Fernandez, B. Kempenaers, V. Pavel, S. Questiau, M. Raess, E. Rindal, and J.T. Lifjeld. 2006. Molecular and phenotypic divergence in the bluethroat (Luscinia svecica) subspecies complex. Molecular Ecology 15: 4033–4047.
Mayaud, N. 1958. La Gorge-bleue à miroir Luscinia svecica en Europe. Évolution de ses populations. Zones d'hivernage. Alauda 26: 290-301.
Page 456, Firethroat Luscinia pectardens
Black-throated Blue Robin Luscinia obscura
Siberian Rubythroat Luscinia calliope
White-tailed Rubythroat Luscinia pectoralis
Species of the genus Luscinia now are separated into four different genera. These four species all are transferred from Luscinia to the genus Calliope.
Reference:
Sangster, G., P. Alström, E. Forsmark, and U. Olsson. 2010. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 380–392.
Page 461, Plumbeous Redstart Rhyacornis fuliginosa
Luzon Redstart Rhyacornis bicolor
The genus Rhycornis is merged with the genus Phoenicurus. The scientific name of the Plumbeous Redstart changes to Phoenicurus fuliginosus, and the scientific name of the Luzon Redstart changes to Phoenicurus bicolor.
Reference:
Sangster, G., P. Alström, E. Forsmark, and U. Olsson. 2010. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 380–392.
Page 461, White-capped Redstart Chaimarrornis leucocephalus
The genus Chaimarrornis is merged with the genus Phoenicurus; the scientific name of the White-capped Redstart changes to Phoenicurus leucocephalus.
Reference:
Sangster, G., P. Alström, E. Forsmark, and U. Olsson. 2010. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 380–392.
Page 404, Eastern Bluebird Sialia sialis
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Sialia sialis [fulva Group] to Sialia sialis [guatemalae Group].
Page 407, Hermit Thrush Catharus guttatus
The scientific name of the group Hermit Thrush (Northern/Eastern) is corrected from Catharus guttatus [faxoni Group] to Catharus guttatus faxoni/crymophilus, since it includes only two subspecies.
Page 407, Austral Thrush Turdus falcklandii
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Turdus falcklandii pembertoni/magellanicus to Turdus falcklandii magellanicus/pembertoni.
Page 598, White-vented Myna Acridotheres grandis
The use of the name White-vented Myna has been quite confused within this complex: it variously has been applied to an expanded species including javanicus, grandis, and cinereus; to only grandis (as in Clements Checklist 6.5); to only cinereus; and to only javanicus (as in the IOC list). To avoid further confusion, we adopt the widely-used the name Great Myna for Acridotheres grandis, and do not use the name "White-vented Myna" for any species.
Page 599, Chestnut-tailed Starling Sturnia malabarica
Two subspecies, inadvertently omitted from earlier editions of Clements Checklist, are added:
Sturnia malabarica malabarica, with range "N, c, ne India, Nepal; winters to s, w India."
Sturnia malabarica nemoricola, with range "NE India (s Assam), s China (Yunnan), Myanmar, nw and w Thailand, Laos, Vietnam; to Cambodia in winter."
Page 532, Stripe-sided Rhabdornis Rhabdornis mysticalis
The spelling of the species name is corrected from mysticalis to mystacalis.
Page 367, Western Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava
Correct the English name for the group Motacilla flava thunbergi from Western Yellow Wagtail (Gray-headed ) to Western Yellow Wagtail (Gray-headed).
Correct the scientific name for the group Western Yellow Wagtail (Ashy-headed) from Motacilla flava [cinerocapilla Group] to Motacilla flava [cinereocapilla Group].
Page 367, White Wagtail Motacilla alba
Subspecies dukunensis is added to the group White Wagtail (alba). Change the English name for the group to White Wagtail (White-faced), and change the scientific name for the group to Motacilla alba alba/dukunensis.
Page 367, White Wagtail Motacilla alba
Subspecies Motacilla alba persica is deleted, since it is now thought to be an intergrade form between Motacilla alba dukhunensis and Motacilla alba personata.
Reference:
Alström, P., amd K. Mild. 2003. Pipits and wagtails. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.
Page 366, Pechora Pipit Anthus gustavi
Correct the English name for the group Anthus gustavi menzbieri from Pechora Pipit (Manzbier's) to Pechora Pipit (Menzbier's).
Page 664, Przewalski's Rosefinch Urocynchramus pylzowi
To ensure consistency with the nuthatch and partridge named after the same person, we change the English name from Przewalksi's Rosefinch to Przevalski's Rosefinch.
Page 483, Olive-flanked Whistler Hylocitrea bonensis
This species formerly was classified in the Pachycephalidae (whistlers and allies), but, as noted in the Clements Checklist 2009 Updates and Corrections, it now constitutes a monotypic family. As this species no longer is a whistler, the English name is changed to Hylocitrea.
Pages 639-647, New World Warblers (Parulidae)
As is detailed below, the generic names are revised for many species of New World Warblers. Additionally, the sequence of genera of the New World Warblers is revised. The new sequence of genera of Parulidae is
Seiurus
Helmitheros
Parkesia
Vermivora
Mniotilta
Protonotaria
Limnothlypis
Oreothlypis
Leucopeza
Oporornis
Geothlypis
Catharopeza
Setophaga
Basileuterus
Myiothlypis
Cardellina
Myioborus
Zeledonia
Icteria
Xenoligea
Microligea
Teretistris
These changes are based on a series of papers on the phylogenetic relationships of New World Warblers, culminating in the taxonomic revisions proposed by Lovette et al. (2010). The changes have been adopted by NACC. Many of these revisions have not yet been considered by SACC, but we anticipate that SACC also will accept these changes.
References:
Lovette, I.J., J.I. Pérez-Emán, J.P. Sullivan, R.C. Banks, I. Fiorentino, S. Córdoba-Córdoba, M. Echeverry-Galvis, F.K. Barker, K.J. Burns, J. Klicka, S.M. Lanyon, and E. Bermingham. 2010. A comprehensive multilocus phylogeny for the wood-warblers and a revised classification of the Parulidae (Aves). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 753-770.
NACC proposal 2010-B-10
Page 643, Masked Yellowthroat Geothlypis aequinoctialis
With the creation of two new groups within Masked Yellowthroat, the group Masked Yellowthroat (South American) is reduced to only two subspecies; the scientific name for the group is changed from Geothlypis aequinoctialis [aequinoctialis Group] to Geothlypis aequinoctialis aequinoctialis/peruviana. Also, the English name for the group is changed to Masked Yellowthroat (Masked).
Page 642, Connecticut Warbler Oporornis agilis
MacGillivray's Warbler Oporornis tolmiei
Mourning Warbler Oporornis philadelphia
Kentucky Warbler Oporornis formosus
The genus Oporornis is restricted to Connecticut Warbler. The three other species formerly assigned to Oporornis all are transferred to the genus Geothylpis. For Kentucky Warbler (Oporornis formosus) the species name also changes, so the new scientific name is Geothlypis formosa.
References:
Lovette, I.J., J.I. Pérez-Emán, J.P. Sullivan, R.C. Banks, I. Fiorentino, S. Córdoba-Córdoba, M. Echeverry-Galvis, F.K. Barker, K.J. Burns, J. Klicka, S.M. Lanyon, and E. Bermingham. 2010. A comprehensive multilocus phylogeny for the wood-warblers and a revised classification of the Parulidae (Aves). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 753-770.
NACC proposal 2010-B-10
Pages 639-643, Northern Parula Parula americana
Tropical Parula Parula pitiayumi
Dendroica spp.
American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla
Hooded Warbler Wilsonia citrina
The two remaining species of Parula, all members of the large genus Dendroica, the American Redstart (Setophaga ruticilla), and the Hooded Warbler (Wilsonia citrina) all are part of a single, large radiation in the New World Warblers. Following the rules of priority for scientific names, all members of this group take the name Setophaga if they are included in a single genus. In addition, the sequence of species in Setophaga is revised; the new sequence of species is
Plumbeous Warbler Setophaga plumbea
Elfin-woods Warbler Setophaga angelae
Arrowhead Warbler Setophaga pharetra
Hooded Warbler Setophaga citrina
American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla
Kirtland's Warbler Setophaga kirtlandii
Cape May Warbler Setophaga tigrina
Cerulean Warbler Setophaga cerulea
Northern Parula Setophaga americana
Tropical Parula Setophaga pitiayumi
Magnolia Warbler Setophaga magnolia
Bay-breasted Warbler Setophaga castanea
Blackburnian Warbler Setophaga fusca
Yellow Warbler Setophaga petechia
Chestnut-sided Warbler Setophaga pensylvanica
Blackpoll Warbler Setophaga striata
Black-throated Blue Warbler Setophaga caerulescens
Palm Warbler Setophaga palmarum
Olive-capped Warbler Setophaga pityophila
Pine Warbler Setophaga pinus
Yellow-rumped Warbler Setophaga coronata
Yellow-throated Warbler Setophaga dominica
Bahama Warbler Setophaga flavescens
Vitelline Warbler Setophaga vitellina
Prairie Warbler Setophaga discolor
Adelaide's Warbler Setophaga adelaidae
Barbuda Warbler Setophaga subita
St. Lucia Warbler Setophaga delicata
Grace's Warbler Setophaga graciae
Black-throated Gray Warbler Setophaga nigrescens
Townsend's Warbler Setophaga townsendi
Hermit Warbler Setophaga occidentalis
Golden-cheeked Warbler Setophaga chrysoparia
Black-throated Green Warbler Setophaga virens
References:
Lovette, I.J., J.I. Pérez-Emán, J.P. Sullivan, R.C. Banks, I. Fiorentino, S. Córdoba-Córdoba, M. Echeverry-Galvis, F.K. Barker, K.J. Burns, J. Klicka, S.M. Lanyon, and E. Bermingham. 2010. A comprehensive multilocus phylogeny for the wood-warblers and a revised classification of the Parulidae (Aves). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 753-770.
NACC proposal 2010-B-10
Page 644, Fan-tailed Warbler Euthlypis lachrymosa
The Fan-tailed Warbler is merged into the genus Basileuterus. The species name changes, and so the scientific name is Basileuterus lachrymosus.
References:
Lovette, I.J., J.I. Pérez-Emán, J.P. Sullivan, R.C. Banks, I. Fiorentino, S. Córdoba-Córdoba, M. Echeverry-Galvis, F.K. Barker, K.J. Burns, J. Klicka, S.M. Lanyon, and E. Bermingham. 2010. A comprehensive multilocus phylogeny for the wood-warblers and a revised classification of the Parulidae (Aves). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 753-770.
NACC proposal 2010-B-10
Pages 645-646, Basileuterus spp.
The genus Basileuterus is divided into two genera. The sequence of species in the group remaining in Basileuterus is resequenced, as
Fan-tailed Warbler Basileuterus lachrymosus
Rufous-capped Warbler Basileuterus rufifrons
Black-cheeked Warbler Basileuterus melanogenys
Pirre Warbler Basileuterus ignotus
Golden-browed Warbler Basileuterus belli
Golden-crowned Warbler Basileuterus culicivorus
White-bellied Warbler Basileuterus hypoleucus
Three-striped Warbler Basileuterus tristriatus
Santa Marta Warbler Basileuterus basilicus
Three-banded Warbler Basileuterus trifasciatus
References:
Lovette, I.J., J.I. Pérez-Emán, J.P. Sullivan, R.C. Banks, I. Fiorentino, S. Córdoba-Córdoba, M. Echeverry-Galvis, F.K. Barker, K.J. Burns, J. Klicka, S.M. Lanyon, and E. Bermingham. 2010. A comprehensive multilocus phylogeny for the wood-warblers and a revised classification of the Parulidae (Aves). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 753-770.
NACC proposal 2010-B-10
Page 645, Golden-crowned Warbler Basileuterus culicivorus
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Basileuterus culicivorus indignus/cabanisi to Basileuterus culicivorus cabanisi/indignus.
Pages 645-646, Basileuterus spp.
Buff-rumped Warbler Phaeothlypis fulvicauda
Riverbank Warbler Phaeothlypis rivularis
The genus Basileuterus is divided into two genera. The following species are transferred to the genus Myiothlypis, as are the two species of Phaeothlypis. The sequence of species in this genus is rearranged, as
Citrine Warbler Myiothlypis luteoviridis
White-striped Warbler Myiothlypis leucophrys
Flavescent Warbler Myiothlypis flaveolus
White-browed Warbler Myiothlypis leucoblepharus
Pale-legged Warbler Myiothlypis signatus
Black-crested Warbler Myiothlypis nigrocristatus
Buff-rumped Warbler Myiothlypis fulvicauda
Riverbank Warbler Myiothlypis rivularis
Two-banded Warbler Myiothlypis bivittatus
Golden-bellied Warbler Myiothlypis chrysogaster
Gray-headed Warbler Myiothlypis griseiceps
Gray-throated Warbler Myiothlypis cinereicollis
White-lored Warble Myiothlypis conspicillatus
Gray-and-gold Warbler Myiothlypis fraseri
Russet-crowned Warbler Myiothlypis coronatus
References:
Lovette, I.J., J.I. Pérez-Emán, J.P. Sullivan, R.C. Banks, I. Fiorentino, S. Córdoba-Córdoba, M. Echeverry-Galvis, F.K. Barker, K.J. Burns, J. Klicka, S.M. Lanyon, and E. Bermingham. 2010. A comprehensive multilocus phylogeny for the wood-warblers and a revised classification of the Parulidae (Aves). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 753-770.
NACC proposal 2010-B-10
Page 643, Wilson's Warbler Wilsonia pusilla
Canada Warbler Wilsonia canadensis
Red Warbler Ergaticus ruber
Pink-headed Warbler Ergaticus versicolor
These species all are transferred to the genus Cardellina. The sequence of species of Cardellina is
Canada Warbler Cardellina canadensis
Wilson's Warbler Cardellina pusilla
Red-faced Warbler Cardellina rubrifrons
Red Warbler Cardellina rubra
Pink-headed Warbler Cardellina versicolor
Note that the spelling of the species name of Red Warbler changes from "ruber" to "rubra." Also, subspecies Cardellina rubra rowleyi, previously unassigned to a group, belongs to the group Red Warbler (White-cheeked); consequently the scientific name for the group Red Warbler (White-cheeked) is revised to Cardellina rubra rubra/rowleyi.
References:
Lovette, I.J., J.I. Pérez-Emán, J.P. Sullivan, R.C. Banks, I. Fiorentino, S. Córdoba-Córdoba, M. Echeverry-Galvis, F.K. Barker, K.J. Burns, J. Klicka, S.M. Lanyon, and E. Bermingham. 2010. A comprehensive multilocus phylogeny for the wood-warblers and a revised classification of the Parulidae (Aves). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 753-770.
NACC proposal 2010-B-10
Page 650, Superciliaried Hemispingus Hemispingus superciliaris
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Hemispingus superciliaris insignis/leucogaster to Hemispingus superciliaris leucogastrus/insignis; note that this also corrects an earlier typographic error (the correct spelling of the subspecies name is leucogastrus, not leucogaster).
Page 663, Tit-like Dacnis Xenodacnis parina
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Xenodacnis parina bella/petersi to Xenodacnis parina petersi/bella.
Page 651, Guira Tanager Hemithraupis guira
Correct the range of subspecies Hemithraupis guira guirina from "W and central Colombia to e Ecuador and extreme nw Peru" to "W and central Colombia to w Ecuador and extreme nw Peru."
Page 653, Gray-headed Tanager Eucometis penicillata
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Eucometis penicillata [cristata Group] to Eucometis penicillata [spodocephala Group].
Page 677, White-winged Brush-Finch Atlapetes leucopterus
The scientific name for the group White-winged Brush-Finch (White-winged) changes from Atlapetes leucopterus [leucopterus Group] to Atlapetes leucopterus leucopterus/dresseri, since the group contains only two subspecies.
Page 680, Eastern Towhee Pipilo erythrophthalmus
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Pipilo erythrophthalmus rileyi/alleni to Pipilo erythrophthalmus alleni/rileyi.
Page 680, Prevost's Ground-Sparrow Melozone biarcuata
Correct a typographic error in the scientific name for the group Prevost's Ground-Sparrow (Prevost's): change Melozone biarcuata bioarcuata/hartwegi to Melozone biarcuata biarcuata/hartwegi.
Page 680, California Towhee Melozone crissalis
Correct the following subspecies names:
Melozone crissalis bullatus to Melozone crissalis bullata
Melozone crissalis eremophilus to Melozone crissalis eremophila
Melozone crissalis aripolius to Melozone crissalis aripolia
Page 683, Savannah Sparrow Passerculus sandwichensis
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Passerculus sandwichensis [sandwichensis Group] to Passerculus sandwichensis [savanna Group].
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Passerculus sandwichensis [nevadensis Group] to Passerculus sandwichensis [sandwichensis Group].
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Passerculus sandwichensis [beldingi Group] to Passerculus sandwichensis [guttatus Group].
Page 684, Seaside Sparrow Ammodramus maritimus
Subspecies pelonotus no longer is considered valid and is merged with macgillivraii, following McDonald (1988) and Post et al. (2009). Revise the range statement for macgillivraii from "Salt marshes from n North Carolina to s Georgia" to "Salt marshes from n North Carolina to s Georgia (formerly to n Florida)."
Likewise, subspecies juncicola no longer is considered valid and is merged with peninsulae, following McDonald (1988) and Post et al. (2009). Revise the range statement for peninsulae from "Salt marshes of w Florida (Dixie County to Old Tampa Bay)" to "Salt marshes of w Florida (Dixie County to Old Tampa Bay) and Gulf Coast of n Florida (Escambia County to Taylor County)."
References:
McDonald, M.V. 1988. Status survey of two Florida Seaside Sparrows and taxonomic review of the Seaside Sparrow assemblage. Technical Report number 32. Florida Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
Post, W., J.S. Greenlaw, and M. Patten. 2009. Seaside Sparrow (Ammodramus maritimus) in A. Poole (editor), The Birds of North America Online. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, New York. Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna/species/127
Page 686, White-crowned Sparrow Zonotrichia leucophrys
The polytypic group White-crowned Sparrow (Dark-lored) Zonotrichia leucophrys leucophrys/oriantha is deleted.
The polytypic group White-crowned Sparrow (Yellow-billed) Zonotrichia leucophrys nuttalli/pugetensis also is deleted.
Pages 649-650, bush-tanagers genus Chlorospingus
A major sequencing error from the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet is corrected, as the genus Chlorospinus (bush-tanagers) is moved to the correct position following the genus Junco. NACC recently accepted this shift in placement as well.
Page 650, Yellow-throated Bush-Tanager Chlorospingus flavigularis
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Chlorospingus flavigularis marginatus/flavigularis to Chlorospingus flavigularis flavigularis/marginatus.
Page 694, Boat-tailed Grackle Quiscalus major
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Quiscalus major alabamensis/torreyi to Quiscalus major torreyi/alabamensis.
Page 697, Yellow-billed Cacique Amblycercus holosericeus
Correct the spelling of the scientific name of the group Yellow-billed Cacique (Prevost's) from Amblycercus holosericeus holosericeus/falvirostris to Amblycercus holosericeus holosericeus/flavirostris.
Page 697, Yellow-rumped Cacique Cacicus cela
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Cacicus cela vitellinus/flavicrissus to Cacicus cela flavicrissus/vitellinus.
Page 626, Thick-billed Euphonia Euphonia laniirostris
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Euphonia laniirostris crassirostris/melanura to Euphonia laniirostris melanura/crassirostris.
Page 631, Red Crossbill Loxia curvirostra
Correct a typographic error, and change the spelling of the subspecies name from Loxia curvirostra sinesciurius to Loxia curvirostra sinesciuris.
Page 637, Eurasian Bullfinch Pyrrhula pyrrhula
In accord with nomenclatural priority, change Pyrrhula pyrrhula [cineracea Group] to Pyrrhula pyrrhula [griseiventris Group].
Page 603, Gray-headed Sparrow Passer griseus
Given that there is more than one species of "Gray-headed Sparrow," the English name for Gray-headed Sparrow (Passer griseus) is changed to Northern Gray-headed Sparrow.
Page 608, Village Weaver Ploceus cucullatus
The English name for the group Ploceus cucullatus spilonotus is changed from Village Weaver (spilonotus) to Village Weaver (Spot-backed).
Page 620, Java Sparrow Lonchura oryzivora
Timor Sparrow Lonchura fuscata
A sequence error from the Clements Checklist 6.5 spreadsheet is corrected: the two species formerly of the genus Padda (Jave Sparrow and Timor Sparrow, transferred to Lonchura in Clements Checklist 6.5) are moved to their correct position following Bismarck Munia (Lonchura melaena).
GROUPS
GROUPS – newly created groups
Comb Duck (Old World) Sarkidiornis melanotos melanotos
Comb Duck (South American) Sarkidiornis melanotos sylvicola
Dusky Scrubfowl (Dusky) Megapodius freycinet freycinet
Dusky Scrubfowl (Biak) Megapodius freycinet geelvinkianus
Speckled Chachalaca (Speckled ) Ortalis guttata guttata/subaffinis
Speckled Chachalaca (East Brazilian) Ortalis guttata araucuan
Speckled Chachalaca (Scaled) Ortalis guttata squamata
Variable Chachalaca (Little) Ortalis motmot motmot
Variable Chachalaca (Chestnut-headed) Ortalis motmot ruficeps
Horned Curassow (Sira) Pauxi unicornis koepckeae
Horned Curassow (Horned) Pauxi unicornis unicornis
Long-billed Partridge (Long-billed) Rhizothera longirostris longirostris
Long-billed Partridge (Hose's) Rhizothera longirostris dulitensis
Udzungwa Partridge (Udzungwa) Xenoperdix udzungwensis udzungwensis
Udzungwa Partridge (Rubeho) Xenoperdix udzungwensis obscurata
Gray-breasted Partridge (Malaysian) Arborophila orientalis campbelli
Gray-breasted Partridge (Roll's) Arborophila orientalis rolli
Gray-breasted Partridge (Sumatran) Arborophila orientalis sumatrana
Gray-breasted Partridge (Gray-breasted) Arborophila orientalis orientalis
Chestnut-headed Partridge (Siamese) Arborophila cambodiana diversa
Chestnut-headed Partridge (Chestnut-headed) Arborophila cambodiana cambodiana/chandamonyi
White Eared-Pheasant (Tibetan) Crossoptilon crossoptilon harmani
White Eared-Pheasant (White) Crossoptilon crossoptilon [crossoptilon Group]
Gray Peacock-Pheasant (Gray) Polyplectron bicalcaratum [bicalcaratum Group]
Gray Peacock-Pheasant (Hainan) Polyplectron bicalcaratum katsumatae
Little Grebe (Little) Tachybaptus ruficollis [ruficollis Group]
Little Grebe (Tricolored) Tachybaptus ruficollis tricolor/vulcanorum
Fea's Petrel (Fea's) Pterodroma feae feae
Fea's Petrel (Desertas) Pterodroma feae deserta
Gould's Petrel (Magnificent) Pterodroma leucoptera magnificens
White-tailed Tropicbird (Indian Ocean) Phaethon lepturus lepturus
White-tailed Tropicbird (Europa I.) Phaethon lepturus europae
White-tailed Tropicbird (Ascension) Phaethon lepturus ascensionis
Striated Heron (Old World) Butorides striata [atricapilla Group]
Sacred Ibis (African) Threskiornis aethiopicus aethiopicus
Sacred Ibis (Malagasy) Threskiornis aethiopicus bernieri/abbotti
Olive Ibis (Olive) Bostrychia olivacea [olivacea Group]
Olive Ibis (Sao Tome) Bostrychia olivacea bocagei/rothschildi
Crested Serpent-Eagle (Crested) Spilornis cheela [cheela Group]
Crested Serpent-Eagle (Central Nicobar) Spilornis cheela minimus
Crested Serpent-Eagle (Ryukyu) Spilornis cheela perplexus
Crested Serpent-Eagle (Natuna) Spilornis cheela natunensis
Crested Serpent-Eagle (Simeuleu) Spilornis cheela abbotti
Crested Serpent-Eagle (Nias) Spilornis cheela asturinus
Crested Serpent-Eagle (Mentawai) Spilornis cheela sipora
Crested Serpent-Eagle (Bawean) Spilornis cheela baweanus
Eastern Marsh-Harrier (Eastern) Circus spilonotus spilonotus
Eastern Marsh-Harrier (Papuan) Circus spilonotus spilothorax
White Hawk (Black-winged) Leucopternis albicollis williaminae
White Hawk (Black-tailed) Leucopternis albicollis albicollis
Common Buzzard (Himalayan) Buteo buteo burmanicus
Mountain Buzzard (Mountain) Buteo oreophilus oreophilus
Mountain Buzzard (Forest) Buteo oreophilus trizonatus
Little Eagle (Pygmy) Hieraaetus morphnoides weiskei
Little Eagle (Little) Hieraaetus morphnoides morphnoides
Mountain Hawk-Eagle (Mountain) Nisaetus nipalensis nipalensis/orientalis
Mountain Hawk-Eagle (Legge's) Nisaetus nipalensis kelaarti
Eurasian Kestrel (Eurasian) Falco tinnunculus [tinnunculus Group]
Virginia Rail (Virginia) Rallus limicola limicola/friedmanni
Virginia Rail (Ecuadorian) Rallus limicola aequatorialis
Baillon's Crake (Australasian) Porzana pusilla [palustris Group]
Dusky Woodcock (Javan) Scolopax saturata saturata
Dusky Woodcock (New Guinea) Scolopax saturata rosenbergii
Hottentot Buttonquail (Black-rumped) Turnix hottentottus nanus
Hottentot Buttonquail (Hottentot) Turnix hottentottus hottentottus
Kelp Gull (Kelp) Larus dominicanus dominicanus
Kelp Gull (Antarctic) Larus dominicanus austrinus
Kelp Gull (Indian Ocean) Larus dominicanus judithae
Kelp Gull (Madagascar) Larus dominicanus melisandae
Emerald Dove (Common) Chalcophaps indica [indica Group]
Emerald Dove (Pacific) Chalcophaps indica [longirostris Group]
Sapphire Quail-Dove (Indigo-crowned) Geotrygon saphirina purpurata
Sapphire Quail-Dove (Sapphire) Geotrygon saphirina saphirina/rothschildi
Dark-eared Dove (Mindanao) Phapitreron cinereiceps brunneiceps
Dark-eared Dove (Tawitawi) Phapitreron cinereiceps cinereiceps
Pompadour Green-Pigeon (Sri Lanka) Treron pompadora pompadora
Pompadour Green-Pigeon (Gray-fronted) Treron pompadora affinis
Pompadour Green-Pigeon (Andaman) Treron pompadora chloropterus
Pompadour Green-Pigeon (Ashy-headed) Treron pompadora phayrei
Pompadour Green-Pigeon (Philippine) Treron pompadora [axillaris Group]
Pompadour Green-Pigeon (Buru) Treron pompadora aromaticus
Madagascar Green-Pigeon (Comoros) Treron australis griveaudi
Madagascar Green-Pigeon (Madagascar) Treron australis australis/xenius
Maroon-chinned Fruit-Dove (Oberholser's) Ptilinopus subgularis epia
Maroon-chinned Fruit-Dove (Banggai) Ptilinopus subgularis subgularis
Maroon-chinned Fruit-Dove (Sula) Ptilinopus subgularis mangoliensis
Green Imperial-Pigeon (Green) Ducula aenea [aenea Group]
Green Imperial-Pigeon (Nicobar) Ducula aenea nicobarica
White-eyed Imperial-Pigeon (Spectacled) Ducula perspicillata perspicillata
White-eyed Imperial-Pigeon (Seram) Ducula perspicillata neglecta
Torresian Imperial-Pigeon (Yellowish) Ducula spilorrhoa subflavescens
Torresian Imperial-Pigeon (Torresian) Ducula spilorrhoa spilorrhoa
Long-tailed Mountain-Pigeon (Buru) Gymnophaps mada mada
Long-tailed Mountain-Pigeon (Seram) Gymnophaps mada stalkeri
Rainbow Lorikeet (Coconut) Trichoglossus haematodus [haematodus Group]
Rainbow Lorikeet (Sunset) Trichoglossus haematodus [forsteni Group]
Rainbow Lorikeet (Marigold) Trichoglossus haematodus [capistratus Group]
Rainbow Lorikeet (Rainbow) Trichoglossus haematodus moluccanus
Rainbow Lorikeet (Biak) Trichoglossus haematodus rosenbergii
Rainbow Lorikeet (Leaf) Trichoglossus haematodus weberi
Rainbow Lorikeet (Red-collared) Trichoglossus haematodus rubritorquis
Horned Parakeet (Horned) Eunymphicus cornutus cornutus
Horned Parakeet (Ouvea) Eunymphicus cornutus uvaeensis
Ground Parrot (Western) Pezoporus wallicus flaviventris
Ground Parrot (Eastern) Pezoporus wallicus wallicus
Brown-necked Parrot (Brown-necked) Poicephalus robustus fuscicollis/suahelicus
Brown-necked Parrot (Cape) Poicephalus robustus robustus
Mexican Parrotlet (Mexican) Forpus cyanopygius cyanopygius
Mexican Parrotlet (Tres Marias) Forpus cyanopygius insularis
Speckle-faced Parrot (White-capped) Pionus tumultuosus seniloides
Speckle-faced Parrot (Plum-crowned) Pionus tumultuosus tumultuosus
Large Hawk-Cuckoo (Large) Hierococcyx sparverioides sparverioides
Large Hawk-Cuckoo (Dark) Hierococcyx sparverioides bocki
Plaintive Cuckoo (Gray-bellied) Cacomantis merulinus passerinus
Plaintive Cuckoo (Plaintive) Cacomantis merulinus [merulinus Group]
Brush Cuckoo (Rusty-breasted) Cacomantis variolosus [sepulcralis Group]
Brush Cuckoo (Brush) Cacomantis variolosus [variolosus Group]
Asian Drongo-Cuckoo (Square-tailed) Surniculus lugubris lugubris/brachyurus
Asian Drongo-Cuckoo (Fork-tailed) Surniculus lugubris dicruroides
Asian Drongo-Cuckoo (Moluccan) Surniculus lugubris musschenbroeki
Asian Koel (Asian) Eudynamys scolopaceus [scolopaceus Group]
Asian Koel (Pacific) Eudynamys scolopaceus orientalis
Yellowbill (Blue) Ceuthmochares aereus [aereus Group]
Yellowbill (Green) Ceuthmochares aereus australis
African Scops-Owl (African) Otus senegalensis [senegalensis Group]
African Scops-Owl (Socotra) Otus senegalensis socotranus
Sulawesi Scops-Owl (Siau) Otus manadensis siaoensis
Sulawesi Scops-Owl (Sulawesi) Otus manadensis [manadensis Group]
Sulawesi Scops-Owl (Sula) Otus manadensis sulaensis
Little Owl (Little) Athene noctua [noctua Group]
Little Owl (Abyssinian) Athene noctua spilogastra/somaliensis
Little Owl (Hutton's) Athene noctua bactriana
Barred Owl (Northern) Strix varia [varia Group]
Barred Owl (Mexican) Strix varia sartorii
Short-eared Owl (Pohnpei) Asio flammeus ponapensis
Brown Hawk-Owl (Brown) Ninox scutulata [scutulata Group]
Brown Hawk-Owl (Hume's) Ninox scutulata obscura
Moluccan Hawk-Owl (Halmahera) Ninox squamipila hypogramma
Moluccan Hawk-Owl (Tanimbar) Ninox squamipila forbesi
Moluccan Hawk-Owl (Hantu) Ninox squamipila squamipila/hantu
Barred Owlet-Nightjar (Vogelkop) Aegotheles bennettii affinis/terborghi
Barred Owlet-Nightjar (Barred) Aegotheles bennettii [bennettii Group]
Short-tailed Frogmouth (Short-tailed) Batrachostomus poliolophus poliolophus
Short-tailed Frogmouth (Bornean) Batrachostomus poliolophus mixtus
Javan Frogmouth (Blyth's) Batrachostomus javensis affinis/continentalis
Javan Frogmouth (Javan) Batrachostomus javensis javensis
Gray Nightjar (Jungle) Caprimulgus indicus indicus/kelaarti
Gray Nightjar (Gray) Caprimulgus indicus [jotaka Group]
Cave Swiftlet (Cave) Collocalia linchi [linchi Group]
Cave Swiftlet (Bornean) Collocalia linchi dodgei
Moluccan Swiftlet (Sulawesi) Aerodramus infuscatus sororum
Moluccan Swiftlet (Halmahera) Aerodramus infuscatus infuscatus
Moluccan Swiftlet (Seram) Aerodramus infuscatus ceramensis
Great-billed Hermit (Great-billed) Phaethornis malaris malaris/insolitus
Great-billed Hermit (Amazonian) Phaethornis malaris [bolivianus Group]
Malachite Kingfisher (Mainland) Corythornis cristatus [cristatus Group]
Malachite Kingfisher (Sao Tome) Corythornis cristatus thomensis
Malachite Kingfisher (Principe) Corythornis cristatus nais
Micronesian Kingfisher (Miyako-Jima I.) Todiramphus cinnamominus miyakoensis
Micronesian Kingfisher (Guam) Todiramphus cinnamominus cinnamominus
Micronesian Kingfisher (Palau) Todiramphus cinnamominus pelewensis
Micronesian Kingfisher (Pohnpei) Todiramphus cinnamominus reichenbachii
Collared Kingfisher (Red Sea) Todiramphus chloris abyssinicus
Collared Kingfisher (Arabian) Todiramphus chloris kalbaensis
Collared Kingfisher (Oriental) Todiramphus chloris [humii Group]
Collared Kingfisher (Nicobar Is.) Todiramphus chloris occipitalis
Collared Kingfisher (Collared) Todiramphus chloris [chloris Group]
Collared Kingfisher (Sordid) Todiramphus chloris [sordidus Group]
Collared Kingfisher (Marianas Is.) Todiramphus chloris [albicilla Group]
Collared Kingfisher (St. Matthias Is.) Todiramphus chloris matthiae
Collared Kingfisher (Dampier Straits) Todiramphus chloris stresemanni
Collared Kingfisher (New Ireland) Todiramphus chloris [nusae Group]
Collared Kingfisher (New Britain) Todiramphus chloris tristrami
Collared Kingfisher (Bougainville-Guadalcanal) Todiramphus chloris alberti
Collared Kingfisher (Solomon Is.) Todiramphus chloris [solomonis Group]
Collared Kingfisher (Vanuatu) Todiramphus chloris [juliae Group]
Collared Kingfisher (South Pacific) Todiramphus chloris [sacer Group]
Beach Kingfisher (Beach) Todiramphus saurophagus saurophagus
Beach Kingfisher (Admiralty Is.) Todiramphus saurophagus admiralitatis
Sacred Kingfisher (Fiji) Todiramphus sanctus [vitiensis Group]
Buff-breasted Paradise-Kingfisher (Buff-breasted) Tanysiptera sylvia [sylvia Group]
Buff-breasted Paradise-Kingfisher (Black-capped) Tanysiptera sylvia nigriceps
Eurasian Hoopoe (Central African) Upupa epops senegalensis/waibeli
Violet Woodhoopoe (Violet) Phoeniculus damarensis damarensis
Violet Woodhoopoe (Grant's) Phoeniculus damarensis granti
Rufous-tailed Jacamar (Spot-tailed) Galbula ruficauda rufoviridis/heterogyna
Crimson-fronted Barbet (Malabar) Megalaima rubricapillus malabarica
Crimson-fronted Barbet (Crimson-fronted) Megalaima rubricapillus rubricapillus
Groove-billed Toucanet (Yellow-billed) Aulacorhynchus sulcatus calorhynchus
Groove-billed Toucanet (Groove-billed) Aulacorhynchus sulcatus sulcatus/erythrognathus
Black-mandibled Toucan (Chestnut-mandibled) Ramphastos ambiguus swainsonii
Black-mandibled Toucan (Black-mandibled) Ramphastos ambiguus ambiguus/abbreviatus
Acorn Woodpecker (Acorn) Melanerpes formicivorus [formicivorus Group]
Acorn Woodpecker (San Lucan) Melanerpes formicivorus angustifrons
Philippine Woodpecker (Philippine) Dendrocopos maculatus [maculatus Group]
Philippine Woodpecker (Sulu) Dendrocopos maculatus ramsayi
Brown-capped Woodpecker (Brown-capped) Dendrocopos moluccensis nanus/gymnophthalmus
Brown-capped Woodpecker (Sunda) Dendrocopos moluccensis [moluccensis Group]
Fulvous-breasted Woodpecker (Fulvous-breasted) Dendrocopos macei [macei Group]
Fulvous-breasted Woodpecker (Spot-breasted) Dendrocopos macei analis
Hairy Woodpecker (Eastern) Picoides villosus [villosus Group]
Hairy Woodpecker (Pacific) Picoides villosus [harrisi Group]
Hairy Woodpecker (Rocky Mts.) Picoides villosus orius/icastus
Hairy Woodpecker (South Mexican) Picoides villosus jardinii/sanctorum
Blond-crested Woodpecker (Ochre-backed) Celeus flavescens ochraceus
Blond-crested Woodpecker (Blond-crested) Celeus flavescens flavescens/intercedens
Banded Pitta (Malayan) Pitta guajana irena/ripleyi
Banded Pitta (Bornean) Pitta guajana schwaneri
Banded Pitta (Javan) Pitta guajana guajana
Common Miner (Altiplano) Geositta cunicularia [frobeni Group]
Common Miner (georgei) Geositta cunicularia georgei
Common Miner (Coastal Desert) Geositta cunicularia deserticolor
Common Miner (Central Chile) Geositta cunicularia fissirostris
Common Miner (Patagonian) Geositta cunicularia [cunicularia Group]
Rufous-fronted Thornbird (Plain) Phacellodomus rufifrons inornatus
Rufous-fronted Thornbird (Rufous-fronted) Phacellodomus rufifrons [rufifrons Group]
Lesser Woodcreeper (Lesser) Xiphorhynchus fuscus [fuscus Group]
Barred Antshrike (Barred) Thamnophilus doliatus [doliatus Group]
White-flanked Antwren (White-flanked) Myrmotherula axillaris [axillaris Group]
White-flanked Antwren (Silvery-flanked) Myrmotherula axillaris luctuosa
White-fringed Antwren (Northern) Formicivora grisea intermedia
White-fringed Antwren (Southern) Formicivora grisea [grisea Group]
Dull-mantled Antbird (Dull-mantled) Myrmeciza laemosticta laemosticta
Dull-mantled Antbird (Magdalena) Myrmeciza laemosticta palliata
Scale-backed Antbird (Scale-backed) Willisornis poecilinotus poecilinotus
Scale-backed Antbird (Tapajos) Willisornis poecilinotus nigrigula
Scale-backed Antbird (Xingu) Willisornis poecilinotus vidua
Thrush-like Antpitta (Thrush-like) Myrmothera campanisona [campanisona Group]
Thrush-like Antpitta (Tapajos) Myrmothera campanisona subcanescens
Rusty-breasted Antpitta (Pululahua) Grallaricula ferrugineipectus rara
Rusty-breasted Antpitta (Rusty-breasted) Grallaricula ferrugineipectus ferrugineipectus
Rusty-breasted Antpitta (Tumbes) Grallaricula ferrugineipectus leymebambae
Rufous Gnateater (Ceara) Conopophaga lineata cearae
Rufous Gnateater (Rufous) Conopophaga lineata lineata/vulgaris
Blackish Tapaculo (Blackish) Scytalopus latrans latrans
Blackish Tapaculo (Pacific) Scytalopus latrans subcinereus
Blackish Tapaculo (Peruvian) Scytalopus latrans intermedius
Sierran Elaenia (Andean) Elaenia pallatangae [pallatangae Group]
Golden-faced Tyrannulet (Golden-faced) Zimmerius chrysops [chrysops Group]
Golden-faced Tyrannulet (Loja) Zimmerius chrysops flavidifrons
Andean Tyrant (Black) Knipolegus signatus signatus
Andean Tyrant (Plumbeous) Knipolegus signatus cabanisi
Social Flycatcher (Tumbes) Myiozetetes similis grandis
Loggerhead Kingbird (Loggerhead) Tyrannus caudifasciatus [caudifasciatus Group]
Bright-rumped Attila (Northern) Attila spadiceus [flammulatus Group]
Bright-rumped Attila (Southern) Attila spadiceus spadiceus/uropygiatus
Sirystes (Western) Sirystes sibilator albogriseus
Sirystes (Eastern) Sirystes sibilator [sibilator Group]
Boat-billed Flycatcher (Northern) Megarynchus pitangua [mexicanus Group]
Boat-billed Flycatcher (South American) Megarynchus pitangua pitangua
Boat-billed Flycatcher (Tumbes) Megarynchus pitangua chrysogaster
Social Flycatcher (Tumbes) Myiozetetes similis grandis
Loggerhead Kingbird (Loggerhead) Tyrannus caudifasciatus [caudifasciatus Group]
Shrike-like Cotinga (Andean) Laniisoma elegans [buckleyi Group]
Shrike-like Cotinga (Brazilian) Laniisoma elegans elegans
Flame Bowerbird (Masked) Sericulus aureus aureus
Flame Bowerbird (Flame) Sericulus aureus ardens
Broad-billed Fairywren (Broad-billed) Malurus grayi grayi
Broad-billed Fairywren (Campbell's) Malurus grayi campbelli
Graceful Honeyeater (Graceful) Meliphaga gracilis [gracilis Group]
Graceful Honeyeater (Elegant) Meliphaga gracilis cinereifrons
Black-faced Friarbird (Black-faced) Philemon moluccensis moluccensis
Black-faced Friarbird (Tanimbar) Philemon moluccensis plumigenis
Helmeted Friarbird (New Guinea) Philemon buceroides novaeguineae
Helmeted Friarbird (Hornbill) Philemon buceroides yorki
Helmeted Friarbird (Helmeted) Philemon buceroides [buceroides Group]
Rufous Fieldwren (Rufous) Calamanthus campestris [campestris Group]
Rufous Fieldwren (Western) Calamanthus campestris montanellus
Blue Jewel-babbler (Blue) Ptilorrhoa caerulescens [caerulescens Group]
Blue Jewel-babbler (Brown-headed) Ptilorrhoa caerulescens geislerorum
Short-tailed Batis (Short-tailed) Batis mixta mixta
Black-headed Batis (Western) Batis minor erlangeri
Black-headed Batis (Eastern) Batis minor minor/suahelicus
Tropical Boubou (Tropical) Laniarius aethiopicus major
Tropical Boubou (Ethiopian) Laniarius aethiopicus [aethiopicus Group]
Four-colored Bushshrike (Gorgeous) Telophorus viridis [viridis Group]
Four-colored Bushshrike (Four-colored) Telophorus viridis quadricolor
Blue Vanga (Madagascar) Cyanolanius madagascarinus madagascarinus
Blue Vanga (Comoro) Cyanolanius madagascarinus comorensis/bensoni
Melanesian Cuckoo-shrike (North) Coracina caledonica [welchmani Group]
Melanesian Cuckoo-shrike (South) Coracina caledonica [caledonica Group]
White-bellied Cuckoo-shrike (White-bellied) Coracina papuensis [papuensis Group]
White-bellied Cuckoo-shrike (Manus) Coracina papuensis ingens
Ashy Cuckoo-shrike (Comoros) Coracina cinerea cucullata
Ashy Cuckoo-shrike (Madagascar) Coracina cinerea cinerea/pallida
Cicadabird (Common) Coracina tenuirostris [tenuirostris Group]
Cicadabird (Gray-capped) Coracina tenuirostris remota
Cicadabird (Makira) Coracina tenuirostris salomonis
Cicadabird (Palau) Coracina tenuirostris monacha
Cicadabird (Yap) Coracina tenuirostris nesiotis
Cicadabird (Pohnpei) Coracina tenuirostris insperata
Varied Triller (Varied) Lalage leucomela [leucomela Group]
Varied Triller (Mussau) Lalage leucomela conjuncta
White-bellied Minivet (White-bellied) Pericrocotus erythropygius erythropygius
White-bellied Minivet (Jerdon's) Pericrocotus erythropygius albifrons
Scarlet Minivet (Orange) Pericrocotus flammeus flammeus
Scarlet Minivet (Scarlet) Pericrocotus flammeus [speciosus Group]
Drab Whistler (Drab) Pachycephala griseonota [griseonota Group]
Drab Whistler (Cinnamon-breasted) Pachycephala griseonota johni
Northern Shrike (European) Lanius excubitor [excubitor Group]
Northern Shrike (Asian) Lanius excubitor [mollis Group]
Northern Shrike (American) Lanius excubitor borealis/invictus
Southern Gray Shrike (Southern) Lanius meridionalis [meridionalis Group]
Southern Gray Shrike (Steppe) Lanius meridionalis pallidirostris
Blyth's Shrike-Babbler (Chestnut-winged) Pteruthius aeralatus validirostris
Blyth's Shrike-Babbler (Gray-breasted) Pteruthius aeralatus ricketti
Blyth's Shrike-Babbler (Blyth's) Pteruthius aeralatus [aeralatus Group]
Green Shrike-Babbler (Black-crowned) Pteruthius xanthochlorus xanthochlorus/occidentalis
Green Shrike-Babbler (Eye-ringed) Pteruthius xanthochlorus pallidus/hybrida
Clicking Shrike-Babbler (Garo Hills) Pteruthius intermedius aenobarbulus
Clicking Shrike-Babbler (Clicking) Pteruthius intermedius intermedius
Buru Oriole (Black-eared) Oriolus bouroensis bouroensis
Buru Oriole (Tanimbar) Oriolus bouroensis decipiens
Black-headed Paradise-Flycatcher (Red-bellied) Terpsiphone rufiventer [rufiventer Group]
Black-headed Paradise-Flycatcher (Annobon) Terpsiphone rufiventer smithii
Black-throated Shrikebill (Black-throated) Clytorhynchus nigrogularis nigrogularis
Black-throated Shrikebill (Santa Cruz) Clytorhynchus nigrogularis sanctaecrucis
Spectacled Monarch (Moluccan) Symposiachrus trivirgatus bimaculatus
Spectacled Monarch (Spectacled) Symposiachrus trivirgatus [trivirgatus Group]
Mexican Jay (San Luis Potosi) Aphelocoma wollweberi potosina
Azure-winged Magpie (Iberian) Cyanopica cyanus cooki
Azure-winged Magpie (Asian) Cyanopica cyanus [cyanus Group]
Eurasian Nutcracker (Northern) Nucifraga caryocatactes [caryocatactes Group]
Eurasian Nutcracker (Southern) Nucifraga caryocatactes [hemispila Group]
Slender-billed Crow (Slender-billed) Corvus enca [enca Group]
Slender-billed Crow (Violet) Corvus enca violaceus
Palm Crow (Cuban) Corvus palmarum minutus
Palm Crow (Hispaniolan) Corvus palmarum palmarum
Large-billed Crow (Large-billed) Corvus macrorhynchos [macrorhynchos Group]
Large-billed Crow (Indian Jungle) Corvus macrorhynchos culminatus
Large-billed Crow (Eastern) Corvus macrorhynchos levaillantii
Torresian Crow (Torresian) Corvus orru [orru Group]
Torresian Crow (Bismarck) Corvus orru insularis
Carola's Parotia (Carola's) Parotia carolae [carolae Group]
Carola's Parotia (Bronze) Parotia carolae berlepschi
Lawes's Parotia (Lawes's) Parotia lawesii lawesii
Lawes's Parotia (Eastern) Parotia lawesii helenae
Magnificent Riflebird (Magnificent) Ptiloris magnificus magnificus/alberti
Magnificent Riflebird (Growling) Ptiloris magnificus intercedens
Somali Short-toed Lark (Somali) Calandrella somalica [somalica Group]
Somali Short-toed Lark (Athi) Calandrella somalica athensis
Lesser Short-toed Lark (Lesser) Calandrella rufescens [rufescens Group]
Lesser Short-toed Lark (Asian) Calandrella rufescens [cheleensis Group]
Crested Lark (Crested) Galerida cristata [cristata Group]
Crested Lark (Maghreb) Galerida cristata macrorhyncha/randoni
Barn Swallow (Egyptian) Hirundo rustica savignii
Barn Swallow (Levant) Hirundo rustica transitiva
Barn Swallow (Tytler's) Hirundo rustica tytleri
Pacific Swallow (Hill) Hirundo tahitica domicola
Pacific Swallow (Pacific) Hirundo tahitica [tahitica Group]
Red-rumped Swallow (Red-rumped) Cecropis daurica [daurica Group]
Red-rumped Swallow (West African) Cecropis daurica domicella
Great Tit (Great) Parus major [major Group]
Great Tit (Cinereous) Parus major [cinereus Group]
Great Tit (Japanese) Parus major [minor Group]
Long-tailed Tit (Silver-throated) Aegithalos caudatus glaucogularis
Black-throated Tit (Black-throated) Aegithalos concinnus [concinnus Group]
Black-throated Tit (Gray-crowned) Aegithalos concinnus annamensis
Black-browed Tit (Rufous-fronted) Aegithalos iouschistos iouschistos
Black-browed Tit (Burmese) Aegithalos iouschistos sharpei
Black-browed Tit (Black-browed) Aegithalos iouschistos bonvaloti/obscuratus
Chestnut-bellied Nuthatch (Indian) Sitta castanea [castanea Group]
Chestnut-bellied Nuthatch (Chestnut-bellied) Sitta castanea cinnamoventris
Chestnut-bellied Nuthatch (Burmese) Sitta castanea neglecta
Eurasian Nuthatch (Eurasian) Sitta europaea [europaea Group]
Eurasian Nuthatch (Siberian) Sitta europaea arctica
Eurasian Treecreeper (Eurasian) Certhia familiaris [familiaris Group]
Eurasian Treecreeper (Hodgson's) Certhia familiaris [hodgsoni Group]
Brown Creeper (Pacific) Certhia americana [occidentalis Group]
Brown Creeper (Rocky Mts) Certhia americana montana/idahoensis
Brown Creeper (Eastern) Certhia americana americana/nigrescens
Brown Creeper (Mexican) Certhia americana albescens/alticola
Brown Creeper (Guatemalan) Certhia americana pernigra
Brown Creeper (Honduran) Certhia americana extima
Brown-throated Treecreeper (Brown-throated) Certhia discolor discolor
Brown-throated Treecreeper (Hume's) Certhia discolor [manipurensis Group]
Spotted Creeper (African) Salpornis spilonotus [salvadori Group]
Spotted Creeper (Indian) Salpornis spilonotus spilonotus/rajputanae
Cactus Wren (Eastern) Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus [brunneicapillus Group]
Cactus Wren (Western) Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus [affinis Group]
Speckle-breasted Wren (Colombian) Pheugopedius sclateri columbianus
Blue-gray Gnatcatcher (Cozumel) Polioptila caerulea cozumelae
Shelley's Greenbul (Kakamega) Arizelocichla masukuensis kakamegae
Shelley's Greenbul (Shelley's) Arizelocichla masukuensis masukuensis/roehli
Eastern Mountain-Greenbul (Olive-breasted) Arizelocichla nigriceps kikuyuensis
Eastern Mountain-Greenbul (Mountain) Arizelocichla nigriceps [nigriceps Group]
Eastern Mountain-Greenbul (Uluguru) Arizelocichla nigriceps neumanni
Eastern Mountain-Greenbul (Yellow-throated) Arizelocichla nigriceps chlorigula
Eastern Mountain-Greenbul (Black-browed) Arizelocichla nigriceps fusciceps
Stripe-cheeked Greenbul (Stripe-faced) Arizelocichla milanjensis striifacies
Stripe-cheeked Greenbul (Olive-headed) Arizelocichla milanjensis olivaceiceps
Stripe-cheeked Greenbul (Stripe-cheeked) Arizelocichla milanjensis milanjensis
Cabanis's Greenbul (Cabanis's) Phyllastrephus cabanisi [cabanisi Group]
Cabanis's Greenbul (Placid) Phyllastrephus cabanisi placidus
Yellow-streaked Greenbul (Sharpe's) Phyllastrephus flavostriatus alfredi
Yellow-streaked Greenbul (Yellow-streaked) Phyllastrephus flavostriatus [flavostriatus Group]
Common Bulbul (Common) Pycnonotus barbatus [barbatus Group]
Common Bulbul (Somali) Pycnonotus barbatus somaliensis
Common Bulbul (Dodson's) Pycnonotus barbatus dodsoni
Common Bulbul (Dark-capped) Pycnonotus barbatus tricolor
Golden Bulbul (Northern) Alophoixus affinis [longirostris Group]
Golden Bulbul (Buru) Alophoixus affinis mystacalis
Golden Bulbul (Seram) Alophoixus affinis affinis/flavicaudus
Square-tailed Bulbul (Indian) Hypsipetes ganeesa ganeesa
Square-tailed Bulbul (Sri Lanka) Hypsipetes ganeesa humii
Ashy Bulbul (Ashy) Hemixos flavala [flavala Group]
Ashy Bulbul (Cinereous) Hemixos flavala cinereus/connectens
Yellowish-bellied Bush-Warbler (Yellow-bellied) Cettia acanthizoides acanthizoides/concolor
Yellowish-bellied Bush-Warbler (Hume's) Cettia acanthizoides brunnescens
Arctic Warbler (Arctic) Phylloscopus borealis [borealis Group]
Arctic Warbler (Japanese) Phylloscopus borealis xanthodryas
Greenish Warbler (Greenish) Phylloscopus trochiloides [trochiloides Group]
Mountain Warbler (Mountain) Phylloscopus trivirgatus [trivirgatus Group]
Mountain Warbler (Negros) Phylloscopus trivirgatus nigrorum
Clamorous Reed-Warbler (Indian) Acrocephalus stentoreus brunnescens
Clamorous Reed-Warbler (Clamorous) Acrocephalus stentoreus [stentoreus Group]
Marquesan Reed-Warbler (Southern) Acrocephalus mendanae [mendanae Group]
Marquesan Reed-Warbler (Northern) Acrocephalus mendanae [percernis Group]
Spotted Bush-Warbler (Baikal) Bradypterus thoracicus [davidi Group]
Spotted Bush-Warbler (West Himalayan) Bradypterus thoracicus kashmirensis
Spotted Bush-Warbler (Spotted) Bradypterus thoracicus thoracicus/przevalskii
Tawny Grassbird (Tawny) Megalurus timoriensis [timoriensis Group]
Tawny Grassbird (Papuan) Megalurus timoriensis [macrurus Group]
Bar-throated Apalis (Taita) Apalis thoracica fuscigularis
Bar-throated Apalis (Yellow-throated) Apalis thoracica flavigularis
Bar-throated Apalis (Namuli) Apalis thoracica lynesi
Bar-throated Apalis (Bar-throated) Apalis thoracica [thoracica Group]
Green-backed Camaroptera (Gray-backed) Camaroptera brachyura brevicaudata
Green-backed Camaroptera (Green-backed) Camaroptera brachyura [brachyura Group]
Winding Cisticola (Winding) Cisticola galactotes [marginatus Group]
Winding Cisticola (Rufous-winged) Cisticola galactotes [galactotes Group]
Winding Cisticola (Luapula) Cisticola galactotes luapula
Winding Cisticola (Ethiopian) Cisticola galactotes lugubris
Winding Cisticola (Coastal) Cisticola galactotes haematocephala
Banded Prinia (Banded) Prinia bairdii [bairdii Group]
Banded Prinia (Black-faced) Prinia bairdii melanops
Rufous-headed Parrotbill (White-breasted) Paradoxornis ruficeps ruficeps
Rufous-headed Parrotbill (Rufous-headed) Paradoxornis ruficeps bakeri/magnirostris
Reed Parrotbill (Northern) Paradoxornis heudei polivanovi
Reed Parrotbill (Reed) Paradoxornis heudei heudei
Broad-ringed White-eye (Montane) Zosterops poliogastrus [poliogastrus Group]
Broad-ringed White-eye (Kikuyu) Zosterops poliogastrus kikuyuensis
Broad-ringed White-eye (Taita) Zosterops poliogastrus silvanus
Mascarene White-eye (Reunion) Zosterops borbonicus borbonicus
Mascarene White-eye (Mauritius) Zosterops borbonicus mauritianus
Solomon Islands White-eye (Rendova) Zosterops rendovae rendovae/tetiparius
Solomon Islands White-eye (Solomon Islands) Zosterops rendovae kulambangrae
Gray-cheeked Fulvetta (Yunnan) Alcippe morrisonia fratercula
Gray-cheeked Fulvetta (David's) Alcippe morrisonia davidi
Gray-cheeked Fulvetta (Huet's) Alcippe morrisonia hueti
Gray-cheeked Fulvetta (Gray-cheeked) Alcippe morrisonia [morrisonia Group]
Chestnut-capped Laughingthrush (Chestnut-capped) Garrulax mitratus [mitratus Group]
Chestnut-capped Laughingthrush (Chestnut-hooded) Garrulax mitratus treacheri
Red-faced Liocichla (Red-faced) Liocichla phoenicea [phoenicea Group]
Red-faced Liocichla (Scarlet-faced) Liocichla phoenicea ripponi
Grayish Flycatcher (Ethiopian) Bradornis microrhynchus pumilus
Grayish Flycatcher (Grayish) Bradornis microrhynchus [microrhynchus Group]
Chapin's Flycatcher (Chapin's) Muscicapa lendu lendu
Chapin's Flycatcher (Itombwe) Muscicapa lendu itombwensis
Fire-crested Alethe (White-tailed) Alethe diademata diademata
Fire-crested Alethe (Fire-crested) Alethe diademata castanea/woosnami
White-rumped Shama (White-rumped) Copsychus malabaricus [malabaricus Group]
White-rumped Shama (White-crowned) Copsychus malabaricus stricklandii/barbouri
Blue-throated Flycatcher (Blue-throated) Cyornis rubeculoides [rubeculoides Group]
Blue-throated Flycatcher (Chinese) Cyornis rubeculoides glaucicomans
Sulawesi Blue-Flycatcher (Sulawesi) Cyornis omissus [omissus Group]
Sulawesi Blue-Flycatcher (Tanahjampea) Cyornis omissus djampeanus
Forest Robin (Western) Stiphrornis erythrothorax erythrothorax
Forest Robin (Gabon) Stiphrornis erythrothorax gabonensis
Forest Robin (Sangha) Stiphrornis erythrothorax sanghensis
Forest Robin (Eastern) Stiphrornis erythrothorax xanthogaster
Rufous-chested Flycatcher (Rufous-chested) Ficedula dumetoria dumetoria/muelleri
Rufous-chested Flycatcher (Tanimbar) Ficedula dumetoria riedeli
Black Redstart (Western) Phoenicurus ochruros gibraltariensis/aterrimus
Black Redstart (Eastern) Phoenicurus ochruros [ochruros Group]
Stonechat (Stejneger's) Saxicola torquatus stejnegeri
Stonechat (Ethiopian) Saxicola torquatus albofasciatus
Stonechat (Madagascar) Saxicola torquatus sibilla
Mourning Wheatear (Mourning) Oenanthe lugens [lugens Group]
Mourning Wheatear (Arabian) Oenanthe lugens lugentoides
Mourning Wheatear (Schalow's) Oenanthe lugens [lugubris Group]
San Cristobal Thrush (San Cristobal) Zoothera margaretae margaretae
San Cristobal Thrush (Guadalcanal) Zoothera margaretae turipavae
Redwing (Icelandic) Turdus iliacus coburni
Redwing (Eurasian) Turdus iliacus iliacus
Metallic Starling (Violet-hooded) Aplonis metallica circumscripta
Metallic Starling (Metallic) Aplonis metallica [metallica Group]
Lesser Blue-eared Glossy-Starling (Lesser) Lamprotornis chloropterus chloropterus
Lesser Blue-eared Glossy-Starling (Miombo) Lamprotornis chloropterus elisabeth
Flame-breasted Flowerpecker (Halmahera) Dicaeum erythrothorax schistaceiceps
Flame-breasted Flowerpecker (Flame-breasted) Dicaeum erythrothorax erythrothorax
Plain-throated Sunbird (Gray-throated) Anthreptes malacensis griseigularis/birgitae
Plain-throated Sunbird (Brown-throated) Anthreptes malacensis [malacensis Group]
Western Violet-backed Sunbird (Northern) Anthreptes longuemarei longuemarei/haussarum
Western Violet-backed Sunbird (Southern) Anthreptes longuemarei angolensis/nyassae
Green Sunbird (Yellow-throated) Anthreptes rectirostris rectirostris
Green Sunbird (Gray-throated) Anthreptes rectirostris tephrolaemus
Green-headed Sunbird (Green-headed) Cyanomitra verticalis verticalis/viridisplendens
Green-headed Sunbird (Blue-headed) Cyanomitra verticalis cyanocephala/boehndorffi
Cameroon Sunbird (Green-headed) Cyanomitra oritis bansoensis/poensis
Cameroon Sunbird (Blue-headed) Cyanomitra oritis oritis
Eastern Double-collared Sunbird (Eastern) Cinnyris mediocris mediocris
Eastern Double-collared Sunbird (Usambara) Cinnyris mediocris usambaricus
Eastern Double-collared Sunbird (Forest) Cinnyris mediocris fuelleborni/bensoni
Shelley's Sunbird (Shelley's) Cinnyris shelleyi shelleyi
Shelley's Sunbird (Hofmann's) Cinnyris shelleyi hofmanni
Variable Sunbird (Yellow-bellied) Cinnyris venustus [venustus Group]
Variable Sunbird (Orange-chested) Cinnyris venustus igneiventris
Variable Sunbird (White-bellied) Cinnyris venustus albiventris
Olive-backed Sunbird (Olive-backed) Cinnyris jugularis [jugularis Group]
Olive-backed Sunbird (Cream-bellied) Cinnyris jugularis rhizophorae
Olive-backed Sunbird (Yellow-faced) Cinnyris jugularis [frenatus Group]
Olive-backed Sunbird (Orange-breasted) Cinnyris jugularis aurora
Olive-backed Sunbird (Black-breasted) Cinnyris jugularis [clementiae Group]
Olive-backed Sunbird (Black-bellied) Cinnyris jugularis teysmanni
Souimanga Sunbird (Sooty-bellied) Cinnyris souimanga aldabrensis
Souimanga Sunbird (Yellow-bellied) Cinnyris souimanga souimanga
Souimanga Sunbird (White-bellied) Cinnyris souimanga apolis
Souimanga Sunbird (Abbott's) Cinnyris souimanga abbotti/buchenorum
Gould's Sunbird (Yellow-breasted) Aethopyga gouldiae gouldiae/isolata
Gould's Sunbird (Scarlet-breasted) Aethopyga gouldiae dabryii
Gould's Sunbird (Purple-rumped) Aethopyga gouldiae annamensis
Green-tailed Sunbird (Green-tailed) Aethopyga nipalensis [nipalensis Group]
White Wagtail (Transbaikalian) Motacilla alba baicalensis
White Wagtail (Chinese) Motacilla alba leucopsis
White Wagtail (Hodgson's) Motacilla alba alboides
Australasian Pipit (Australian) Anthus novaeseelandiae [australis Group]
Australasian Pipit (New Zealand) Anthus novaeseelandiae [novaeseelandiae Group]
Rock Pipit (Western) Anthus petrosus petrosus/kleinschmidti
Rock Pipit (Eastern) Anthus petrosus littoralis
Masked Yellowthroat (Black-lored) Geothlypis aequinoctialis auricularis
Masked Yellowthroat (Southern) Geothlypis aequinoctialis velata
Black-faced Dacnis (Yellow-tufted) Dacnis lineata egregia
Black-faced Dacnis (Black-faced) Dacnis lineata lineata/aequatorialis
Nightingale Finch (Inaccessible Island) Nesospiza acunhae acunhae
Nightingale Finch (Nightingale) Nesospiza acunhae questi
Wilkins's Finch (Inaccessible Island) Nesospiza wilkinsi dunnei
Wilkins's Finch (Nightingale Island) Nesospiza wilkinsi wilkinsi
Tricolored Brush-Finch (Choco) Atlapetes tricolor crassus
Tricolored Brush-Finch (Tricolored) Atlapetes tricolor tricolor
Cinereous Bunting (Western) Emberiza cineracea cineracea
Cinereous Bunting (Eastern) Emberiza cineracea semenowi
House Bunting (House) Emberiza striolata sahari/sanghae
House Bunting (Striolated) Emberiza striolata [striolata Group]
Cabanis's Bunting (Cabanis's) Emberiza cabanisi cabanisi
Cabanis's Bunting (Three-streaked) Emberiza cabanisi orientalis
Common Chaffinch (Common) Fringilla coelebs [coelebs Group]
Common Chaffinch (Azores/Madeira) Fringilla coelebs moreletti/maderensis
Common Chaffinch (Canary Is.) Fringilla coelebs canariensis/ombriosa
Common Chaffinch (La Palma) Fringilla coelebs palmae
Crimson-winged Finch (African) Rhodopechys sanguineus alienus
Crimson-winged Finch (Eurasian) Rhodopechys sanguineus sanguineus
Vinaceous Rosefinch (Vinaceous) Carpodacus vinaceus vinaceus
Vinaceous Rosefinch (Taiwan) Carpodacus vinaceus formosanus
Streaky-headed Seedeater (West African) Serinus gularis canicapilla
Streaky-headed Seedeater (Streaky-headed) Serinus gularis [gularis Group]
Golden-winged Grosbeak (Arabian) Rhynchostruthus socotranus percivali
Golden-winged Grosbeak (Socotra) Rhynchostruthus socotranus socotranus
Nukupuu (Hawaii) Hemignathus lucidus lucidus
Nukupuu (Maui) Hemignathus lucidus affinis
Nukupuu (Kauai) Hemignathus lucidus hanapepe
Red-headed Fody (Aldabra) Foudia eminentissima aldabrana
Red-headed Fody (Comoros) Foudia eminentissima [eminentissima Group]
Swee Waxbill (Swee) Coccopygia melanotis melanotis
Swee Waxbill (Angola) Coccopygia melanotis bocagei
Fawn-breasted Waxbill (Abyssinian) Estrilda paludicola ochrogaster
Fawn-breasted Waxbill (Fawn-breasted) Estrilda paludicola [paludicola Group]
Streak-headed Munia (Streak-headed) Lonchura tristissima [tristissima Group]
Streak-headed Munia (White-spotted) Lonchura tristissima leucosticta
