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Urban Bird Studies

Bird Guide

Mourning Dove

What's in a name?

What does it look like?

What does it sound like?

How does it behave?

Where does it live?

Cool facts

spotlight

Adult Mourning Dove.

WHAT'S IN A NAME? TOP

Common name Mourning Dove
Scientific name Zenaida macroura

Spanish names Zenaida Huilota
French names Tourterelle triste
Local names turtle dove, wild pigeon, wild dove

"Family" Tree (Taxonomy)
Order Columbiformes
Family Columbidae

WHAT DOES IT LOOK LIKE? TOP
Adult Mourning Dove sitting on a nest. Juvenile Mourning Dove perched on a rooftop

CLICK ON THE THUMBNAIL IMAGE TO ENLARGE
    Description
  • gray-brown to pinkish brown
  • neck slightly iridescent
  • red legs and feet
  • bluish ring of skin around eye
  • long, pointed tail
  • sexes similar (males slightly larger and more colorful)

Size medium-sized for a dove (9-13 inches)

Similar species Inca Dove (Columbina inca) and the Common Ground-Dove (Columbina passerina) are much smaller and have chestnut markings on their wings.
Rock Pigeon (Columbia livia) is larger and chunkier, usually with a white rump.
Eurasian Collared-Dove's tail is square and usually shows visible collar. White-winged Dove (Zenaida asiatica) is about the same size, but it has distinctive white patches on its wings seen in both flying and resting birds.

WHAT DOES IT SOUND LIKE? TOP
play sound To play this sound you will need to have Realplayer installed.
To get Realplayer click here.
Sounds provided by the Macaulay Library of Natural Sounds.
HOW DOES IT BEHAVE? TOP

What does it eat? Grains and seeds such as corn, wheat, millet, etc. (even those cooked into bread or junk food); occasionally eats snails, slugs, insects. Grit is an important part of their diet.

Where does it eat? On ground and at feeders (especially if seed is scattered on relatively bare ground).

Who eats it? Hawks, falcons, and owls. Also raccoons, cats, dogs and some snakes.

Nesting Usually 2 white eggs incubated for about 2 weeks; newly hatched young are fed crop milk. Flimsy nest made of twigs, pine needles, or grass stems placed in tree or shrub.

WHERE DOES IT LIVE? TOP

Mourning_Dove_NAm

Range Throughout North and Central America except northern Canada

Habitat Found almost everywhere, except dense forests. Prefers open habitats, agricultural fields, open woods, deserts, forest edges, cities and suburbs.

CLICK ON THE MAP TO ENLARGE.
COOL FACTS TOP

To keep their nests clean, parent Mourning Doves will eat nestling feces, sometimes even prodding the nestlings to cause them to poop!

On hot rainy days, Mourning Doves may lean forward, hold up their wings, and fluff themselves up allowing water to get into their feathers. In a cold rain or if they don't want to get wet, they hold their heads high and flatten their feathers and the water flows off.

Mourning Doves are hunted throughout most of their range, yet they remain among the 10 most abundant birds in the United States.

During nest-building, the male collects sticks and brings them to the female. He may stand on her back to give her the nest material. She takes it and weaves the sticks into the nest under her.

Mourning Doves may lay up to five or six clutches of eggs in a single year.

Mourning Doves rarely leave their eggs unattended. The male usually incubates from mid-morning until late afternoon, and the female incubates at night.

To protect their nests, Mourning Doves will sometimes throw themselves on the ground and flutter about as if seriously injured to distract nearby intruders.

Mourning Doves have a black comma-shaped spot below and slighty behind their eyes.

When Mourning Doves fly, their wings make a whistling noise. This is especially noticeable at takeoff and landing.

Mourning Doves (and all of their relatives in the family Columbidae) suck up water, using their beaks like straws. Most birds take a sip of water and throw back their heads to let the water trickle down their throats.

If you can count you can help scientists learn more about doves in your city!
- Go to Dove Detectives to figure out how to join in the fun.

Read more about Mourning Doves at All About Birds.

Sources used to construct this page:

Mirarchi, R. E., and T. S. Baskett. 1994. Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura). In The Birds of North America, No. 117 (A. Poole, and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.

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