| STUDENT RESEARCH The Scientific Method
Asking Scientific Questions
Suggested Research Questions
Design Your Research Project
Critique a Research Paper
Looking at Data
Write a Scientific Paper
Classroom Birdscope
Research Papers
Guiding Student
Research
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Suggested Research
Questions
You can investigate many bird questions while
participating in one of the Lab of Ornithology's citizen science projects, such as:
FeederWatch
Using Classroom FeederWatch* database:
- Are we seeing more, less, or the same number
of Blue Jays at our feeder as students in a different part of our state (or of the
country)?
- What is the distribution of Dark-eyed Juncos
across the United States in January and February?
- What bird was most frequently seen at school
bird feeders this year?
- Are birds more likely to come to feeders when
snow is on the ground? Does this vary by species?
- Does rain have an effect on the numbers of
birds visiting feeders?
- In which state did students see the most
Northern Cardinals?
- Are other students in our state seeing the
same species and numbers of birds that we are?
- Do House Finches come to feeders more or less
frequently when the temperature is below freezing?
- Which state (or school) has the highest number
of different species of birds visiting their feeders?
- This year there seem to be more hawks in our
area. How do our count numbers compare with those of other classes in our state? What
might account for the different numbers?
- Weve been seeing a lot more American
Robins recently. Have students in southern states begun to see fewer robins? Or have they
seen more, too?
- How does a list of our top-ten feeder birds
compare with top-ten lists for other schools?
* Most of these questions could also
be researched using the Project FeederWatch database. The main differences between
the databases are that there are more Project FeederWatch participants, and most are
adults vs. Classroom FeederWatch, whose data is a subset of Project FeederWatch data,
collected entirely by students.
Using e-mail contact with other
classrooms:
- What types of bird feeders and food are other
students in our state using?
- What research questions are other students
asking?
- How many Classroom BirdWatch students have put
up bird feeders at home?
- What do students like most about studying
birds?
Using both Classroom FeederWatch database
and e-mail
- What types of bird food are used in schools
with the greatest number of bird species?
- What types of feeders are visited most
frequently by (any species)?
- What accounts for outlying data? For instance,
usually one to four Blue Jays were seen at one time at school feeders. But, one classroom
reported seeing eight Blue Jays one day. Students can contact that school and ask about
that data point. Was something different at the feeder site that day?
Other feeder area questions
- Which birds feed in flocks and which species feed
alone?
- Which species bully the other birds from the
feeder (or another food source)?
- Which species take seeds away from the feeder to
eat, and which ones stay at the feeder to eat?
- Math -- Weigh the birdseed in
your feeder before and after each FeederWatch Count Day and compute how much seed was
eaten. After several timed counts, calculate the average consumption rate of your feeder
birds. Predict and then test how often your feeders need to be refilled. What
variablesweather, time of day, different seedsconfound these predictions?
- Natural history and behavior -- Select
one species to observe and study in detail. Research this birds natural history and
behavior both by watching and by reading.
What time of day does the species visit your feeder? Do individuals visit alone or in
flocks? Where does the bird find its food when not at your feeder? Where does it sleep?
Where does it live during summer? What kind of nest does it build? Observe its behavior at
your feeders. Does the bird flutter or droop its wings, pass food back and forth, make
raucous sounds, or chase other birds?
- Weather -- Does weather
influence how many birds come to your feeders, or how much food they eat? Look separately
at the variables of wind, rain, temperature, and barometric pressure. Investigate why one
factor might make a difference to the birds and another one might not.
ebird
- What birds do we see in our schoolyard?
(species and numbers)
- Compare that with our own backyard. With a
local park/natural area.
- Compare number of species and individuals in 2
or more backyards; in two school yards; in 2 parks/natural areas.
- Does the number of birds seen (in the same
location) vary with the amount of time spent observing for birds ("effort")?
- How do species composition and abundance
differ for the same location at different times of day? In different months?
- Do time of day, an impending snow storm, time of
year, temperature, or other environmental factors influence the numbers of birds you see?
Birdhouse
Network
- How do first egg dates vary between
(related/unrelated) species?
- How do first egg dates vary across geographic
areas (north-south, east-west)?
- Is there any correlation between first egg
dates and (average) clutch size and/or # days until fledging?
- Do some species have multiple broods, and does
that vary with geographic location?
- Do environmental factors affect nesting
success (for example, compare weather/temperatures over 2 or more years and number of
broods/eggs/fledglings).
Project PigeonWatch
- What is the color composition of our flock?
- How does that compare with other flocks in our
city? In other cities?
- What variation do we see in flock size and/or
color composition over time of day? Over time (months)?
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